Important characteristics (discovered through research)
honest and truthful good communicator takes responsibility for actions honorable and trustworthy has vision fair and even-handed respects people they lead
Most important characteristic = integrity. Although this is contradicting to reality.
Statistics- 73% USA CEO’s can’t be trusted
Lots of negative publicity about business leaders
Employees desire integrity in their leaders
Competencies: (Can be learnt)
emotional intelligence integrity drive leadership motivation self confidence intelligence knowledge of the business
VALUES
The above also relate to employees’ values towards their bosses and workplace
Values make work ‘meaningful’
Example: Servant leadership
putting others needs first increased service to others impacts CSR relates to work ethics
MOTIVATION
Theories migrated towards behavior focused , which has led to contingency theories (focused on situational factors of decisions)
Transformational leadership goes beyond guidance; ultimately inspires and transforms businesses/people. Transform through vision, communication, etc.
Situational Leadership Theory: focuses on followers readiness or motivation. Although little evidence/support when tested.
When employees’ opinions and expectations of leaders is met, they will be motivated.
Contingency Theories that motivate:
leader member exchange (LMX) path-goal theory* (motivate employees towards a goal) leader-participation model (links back to effective leadership being motivating)
EMOTIONS
There are particular leadership styles that touch emotions of those they lead.
Charismatic leadership: heroic/extraordinary leadership abilities, take risks, self sacrifice, courageous, optimistic, passionate
Visionary leadership: create realistic, attractive visions for the future (people emotions affect their long and short term goals.)
Transformational leadership: inspire/change