1) Applicable Law
Why is it important to choose an applicable law in the contract ?
It is important to choose an applicable law in the contract in order to avoid the conflict of laws between countries. That’s why is necessary to set a procedure of rules that determines which legal system and which jurisdiction apply to a given dispute. The rules typically apply when a legal dispute has a "foreign" element such as a contract agreed to by parties located in different countries, although the "foreign" element also exists in multi-jurisdictional countries.
The basics principles of any applicable law present in any contract are the jurisdiction which determines whether the forum court has the power to resolve the dispute at hand. The choice of law which is being applied to resolve the dispute and finally if necessary the foreign judgments, which means the ability to recognize and enforce a judgment from an external forum within the jurisdiction of the adjudicating forum.
Due to the difficulty of coordinate an agreement on the terms in international negotiations between countries it’s necessary to the national law that governs a given question of law in an international context. A court hearing an action does not necessarily apply its national law to settle the dispute. The law that is actually applicable is determined by the rules of conflict of laws.
Which is the international principle in this matter ?
The international principle involved is the body of conventions, model laws, national laws, legal guides, and other documents and instruments that regulate private relationships across national borders. Private international law has a dualistic character, balancing international consensus with domestic recognition and implementation, as well as balancing sovereign actions with those of the private sector.
Generally, when the court is to apply an international law principle, it must be proved by foreign law experts. It cannot merely be