Public health is the science of preventing disease and promoting good health to communities and individuals. Its role is to empower individuals and encourage community participation through health promotion programs and initiatives. Public health can mean different things to a range of different people, namely providing public resources for the good of all, it ensures that deprived people are given support to improve their lives. Lifestyle is a way of life and a way and manner of living. Furthermore, it is an individual’s circumstances, position and economic level. This essay will look at how lifestyle is tied up with identity and how aspects of it can affect people’s ability to make choice by considering three sociological approaches. It will look at whose responsibility is it to maintain individual’s health and wellbeing and consider the individual lifestyle approach. Finally, it will look at how an unhealthy lifestyle is not always a result of choice for certain groups and how charismatic leader’s aim to improve the wellbeing of society.
Lifestyle is connected to identities, and aspects of identity affect individual’s ability to make choices. A person’s identity is built up over time and to understand why someone might do something in a certain way, you would need to look at their past and the way in which they were brought up. There could be a link to the way in which they live now, a person might adopt a certain lifestyle due to their cultural or religious background. Sociologists, Peter Berger and Thomas Luckman’s (1967) social construction theory (cited in Leach, 2010, p.7) suggests people obtain an identity through learning ways of living from others starting from childhood. Children learn who they are, what the world is like and how to behave within it, through interactions with their parents and significant others like older