Literature Review: Bully-Victims
Literature Review
Caarne L. White
Capella University
Authors Note
Caarne L. White, Department of Counseling,
Capella University, Minneapolis, MN caarnew@gmail.com Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to provide the reader with a literature review of the topic proposed for completion of the final project. Bullying has become an ongoing global phenomenon. In particular are bully/victim behaviors and its impact on bully-victim cycles with K-12 students. This project intends to explore the research regarding the dichotomy of bullying and victim behavior, specifically bullies who have previously been victim or are currently victims of bullying.
Research has demonstrated that more often than not hurt people often hurt other people. The purpose and goal of this study is to demonstrate how bully victims potentially evolve into bullies thereby causing a cyclical bully-victim phenomena. "Bullying has been conceptualized as a distinct type of aggression displayed through physical, verbal, relational and cyber interactions (Cook, Williams, Guerra, Kim and Sadek, 2010). Early research tended to only view bullying from two angles: the bully and the victim (Cook et al., 2010). However there is a third group emerging who bully and are bullied. These individuals are what the Edmonson and Zeman (2009) termed as "bully-victims", as they experience both realities in different circumstances. In their qualitative research on female bully-victims Edmondson and Zeman (2009) interviewed a small sampling of school aged girls and women in a university and after-school group about why they hit boys, their first experiences in fights and how they strike back when threatened. Their findings indicated what previous studies reported, which was victimization and aggression often begins at home by siblings thereby extending bullying behaviors to peers at school and possibly simultaneously experiencing victimization at
Caarne L. White
Capella University
Authors Note
Caarne L. White, Department of Counseling,
Capella University, Minneapolis, MN caarnew@gmail.com Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to provide the reader with a literature review of the topic proposed for completion of the final project. Bullying has become an ongoing global phenomenon. In particular are bully/victim behaviors and its impact on bully-victim cycles with K-12 students. This project intends to explore the research regarding the dichotomy of bullying and victim behavior, specifically bullies who have previously been victim or are currently victims of bullying.
Research has demonstrated that more often than not hurt people often hurt other people. The purpose and goal of this study is to demonstrate how bully victims potentially evolve into bullies thereby causing a cyclical bully-victim phenomena. "Bullying has been conceptualized as a distinct type of aggression displayed through physical, verbal, relational and cyber interactions (Cook, Williams, Guerra, Kim and Sadek, 2010). Early research tended to only view bullying from two angles: the bully and the victim (Cook et al., 2010). However there is a third group emerging who bully and are bullied. These individuals are what the Edmonson and Zeman (2009) termed as "bully-victims", as they experience both realities in different circumstances. In their qualitative research on female bully-victims Edmondson and Zeman (2009) interviewed a small sampling of school aged girls and women in a university and after-school group about why they hit boys, their first experiences in fights and how they strike back when threatened. Their findings indicated what previous studies reported, which was victimization and aggression often begins at home by siblings thereby extending bullying behaviors to peers at school and possibly simultaneously experiencing victimization at
References: Cook, C. R., Williams, K. R., Guerra, N. G., Kim, T. E., & Sadek, S. (2010). Predictors of bullying and victimization in childhood and adolescence: A meta-analytic investigation. School Psychology Quarterly, 25(2), 65-83. doi:10.1037/a0020149 Edmondson, L., & Zeman, L. D. (2009). Hurt people hurt people: Female bully-victims. Reclaiming Children and Youth, 18(3), 24-28. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.library.capella.edu/docview/852770029?accountid=27965 Stopbullying.Gov (2012). Bully prevention and response base training module. Retrieved from http://www.stopbullying.gov/prevention/in-the-community/community-action-planning/prnt_friendly_speaker_notes092112.pdf Bradshaw, C. P., O 'Brennan, L. M., & Sawyer, A. L. (2008). Examining variation in attitudes toward aggressive retaliation and perceptions of safety among bullies, victims, and Bully/Victims. Professional School Counseling, 12(1), 10-21. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.library.capella.edu/docview/213337301?accountid=27965 Demaray, M. K.& Malecki, C. K. (2003). Perceptions of the frequency and importance of social support by students classified as victims, bullies, and bully/victims in an urban middle school. School Psychology Review, 32(3), 471-489. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.library.capella.edu/docview/219655304?accountid=27965 Solberg M. E., Olweus, D. and Endresen, I. M. (2007). Bullies and victims at school: Are they the same pupils? The British Psychological Society, 77(2), 441-464. doi: 10.13481000709906X105689