should be something all children should be mandatory to receive no matter prenatal desires.
This following paper is focused on answering the following questions: what is a vaccine? What vaccines are given for contagious disease? What vaccines are mandatory at the moment? Is there any law that helps you deny getting a certain vaccination? Others question are; what are the different standpoints on children getting vaccinated? Are vaccines the reason why more children now have autism than ever before? It is important to get vaccinated because it helps prevent disease out. It keeps us and others around healthy. Especially with kids, they go to school and they play with kids all day touch everything and sometimes put them in their mouth. So deleterious bacteria attack the immune system cause children to get cold, the flu etc. but by getting a simple influenza vaccine it will avoid a trip to the doctor offices and the immune system will already know how to attack the deleterious bacteria.
The first vaccine was first created in 1796 by Edward Jenner to prevent from getting smallpox. Even though the first vaccine came about in 1796 it was not the first time the idea or concept of what a vaccine was. The idea what a vaccine should was developed back in 1000 CE. It’s believed that “ the Chinese employed smallpox inoculation( or variolation, as such use of smallpox material called)..” [insert source] This method was later seen in Africa and Turkey. Europe and the Americas were not the first time the idea of vaccination was made. Jenner's vaccination was made out of “ cowpox material to create immunity to smallpox,” [insert].
Back in the 1700s loads of people were skeptical of this new idea of getting injected with a substance that supposedly would help them avoid getting smallpox. They did not know if it was something good and go out and get it or perhaps worse. It would be beneficial because it was a way of avoiding to die young. It could also be harmful because it was something never before seen. Change or the unknown can lead to fear. Many people now hesitate from getting their child vaccinated for the simple reason that they don't understand the purpose of it. How a vaccine comes about and is created. A vaccine is made “ when a live organism is used for a vaccine it is chosen for its relatedness to the disease-causing organism plus its inability to cause disease, normally as a result of its attenuated or weakened nature.” [source 1] Many other people don't know the purpose of what it does so this can also a factor of not getting their children vaccinated. Vaccines are intended to avoid getting an infectious disease, which can be passed to someone through a close relative or an organism that might be the of the disease such as an animal, insect, plant etc. “ Vaccines work by stimulating the human or animal immune system to produce glycoprotein antibodies and specialized cells that seek out and kill body cells that contain infecting organisms or material they do not recognize as belonging to the normal body. Even Though vaccines help us and help our immune system fight off infection and disease they come with side effect. Depending on the body the injection they might have side effects like a fever, or possibly a lump under the skin around the place the shot was given. [ source 6]
Today children receive vaccine from the moment of they enter the world.They are given the Hepatitis B vaccine , later between 1-2 months they receive another dose of Hep. B along with one dose of DTap,Meningococcal vaccines, Haemophilus influenzae type b4 ,Pneumococcal conjugate (PCV13), and Inactivated poliovirus 6.[ source] At around nine months they also might receive another dose of these along with; the flu shot,MMR for measles and mumps, another dose of the Meningococcal vaccine. Then over the years they get another dose of these at their yearly physicals.
Some people believe that the amount of given is outrages.
They don't understand the reason behind why this amount is given. In 2008 for example a measle outbreak occurs in the United States. “ at least 127 people in fifteen different states came down with measles.” [ source 2] other statistic show that “ every 20 children infected with diphtheria, one will die. One in 200 children will die from pertussis and one in 1,000 will die from measles. As many as 30% of people infected with tetanus will die” [ source 3] Many parents do realizes what they are putting their child in when they choose not to vaccinate . Other parents do even know what contagious diseases are and how they affect the human …show more content…
body.
Contagious disease can be life threatening infections that one's immune system cannot fight off such as smallpox, polio diphtheria, whoop cough, and measles. In a less worst case scenario they might also disable the person. What exactly are all these disease? Polio is a virus disease that causes paralysis, permanent disability and maybe death. Whooping cough or its medical name Pertussis, is caused when bordetella pertussis bacteria infects a person's respiratory system and causes satirical coughing that last for a couple of weeks. Measles is a “ respiratory disease caused by virus that grows in the cells that line in the back of the throat and lungs.” [ source 3] Doctors use the MMR vaccine to that help fight them off along with rubella. The MMR is given to a child at twelve months.[source 2] Diphtheria is a “ disease in which the bacteria Corynebacterium diphtheriae produce a deadly toxin that produces a thick gray in the back of the throat, which in the turn inhibits breathing and swallowing.” Other contagious disease that can spread quickly but aren't as life threatening is Tetanus ( lockjaw), Haemophilus Influenzae Type B (HIB), Mumps, and Rubella. Tetanus is derived from clostridium tetani. This disease show symptoms like painful tightening of the muscles that can cause the person jam to lock. This can cause the person the inability to chew or even open their mouth. Haemophilus Influenzae Type B is when bacteria causes a type of meningitis. Bacteria from the genus can cause inflammation in various part of the body especially in the parotid glands this all can cause Mumps. Rubella is a “respiratory disease characterized by a rash, fever, and swollen lymph nodes.” [ source 3]
HPV and Hepatitis B are also vaccines that give to help stop the spread of contagious. Hepatitis B is a chronic disease that can lead to liver problems and sometime death. Its spreads through a patient's blood stream. This conditions is most likely seen in teen and young adults. Hepatitis B is a disease that affect over one million American. It’s also hundred times more likely to be transmitted than HIV or AIDS. HPV is another recently added vaccine that came out in 2004. HPV is mostly seen in women between the age of 12 -24. About 6.2 million Americans get infected every year. Both HPV and Hep. B are spread through sec or intervenous drugs. To stop the spread of these two and the rest of the contagious that affect Americans every day, vaccines that help stop the spread of contagious disease so be given to children no matter parental desires. [ source 4]
When it comes to the topic of making certain vaccine mandatory no matter parental desires there have been plenty of controversies. One standpoint that parents should have all the power and say in what vaccines should be given to their child. Some parents believe this because of rumors that vaccines are the cause of autism in child today. 1 in 10,000 kid had autism in 1980. It was calculated in 2013 that 1 in 50 kids had autism. Over 50% of children have some type of chronic defect. These fact lead many parents to believe that vaccines are the reason why many more children are diagnosed with autism. They claim that in last 50 years that the only that has changed is the dose amount that a child gets. [ source 12]
Other parents refuse to get their because they believe that vaccinating them is doing more harm than good. They’re scared that the amount of medication will harm them. In the first year of a child's life they will have been ejected with seventy different vaccine injection of chemicals. Even Though that number seem to be alarming and frightening Dr. Offit research indicating that “ healthy infants could safely get up to hundred thousand vaccines at once.”[source 12] People look at the small picture and don't turn their views to the bigger picture. Results have shown that because of routine immunization smallpox around the world have ended that once we had going around the wild polio virus.[ source 2] Even though this is just one of the many contagious disease but it proves that when getting vaccinated helps everyone health being. Pediatrician and infectious disease specialist at Rady Children's Hospital in San Diego, Mar Sawyer say “ They very success of immunization has turned out to be an Achilles’ heel. Most of these parents have never seen measles… so they turn their concerns to unfound risks. They do not perceive risk of the disease but perceive risk of the vaccine.” Vaccines are not perfect just yet but it better to take the measures of preventing the spread of diseases like getting vaccinated then waiting to get it the disease and just treating it. Even though some parents just refuse the vaccine out of fear other simply don’t vaccinate their children because they don't have the financial stability to go to a doctor's office. Others simply for religious reason they don't believe in getting certain vaccines. Many people have issues with getting vaccines because in some cases some people believe that can actually get the disease from the vaccine itself.
In the United States all states have different laws when it comes to vaccine exemptions. Since 1905 the supreme court ruled in the Jacobson v. Massachusetts that all states must have state immunization requirements.[ source 4] There are two different exemptions, religious and philosophical, but not all states have both exemption. In fact the state of West Virginia and Mississippi give none. Only 24 out of 51 states give philosophical exemptions. All states beside Mississippi and West Virginia allow religious exemptions. Even though these are law put in place many medical organization and experts feel that the only reason why child so not recieve a vaccinations is because of allergies that might potentially kill the patient or medical reasonable reasons. One example is the ACP board and the views of medical experts and their thought on exemptions.
The ACP board also feels every strongly about all children getting vaccinated. The ACP supports :
The immunization of all children, adolescents and gnosis,, and co recommendation and standards of Immunization Practices (ACIP), the National Vaccine Advisory Committee (NVAC), and centers for state laws designed to promote all recommended Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). established by the U.S Advisory Committee on immunization. state passing legislation to eliminate any existing exemptions, except for medical reason, from their immunization laws.[ source 11] The spread of disease is caused by daily human interaction with one another in a certain area.
So to prevent the spread of infection and disease states have also put mandates when it comes to children education. To attend public school children have to be up to date with all their vaccines. Parents that oppose to vaccinate their children are often found homeschooling their child. All states require some sort of vaccination but they don't all require the child to get all vaccines out there. Meningococcal vaccine usually give in elementary and secondary school only 14 out of 51 states require this shot to be able to attend school. Hepatitis A only 9 out of 51 states require this vaccination. As for the Hepatitis B only 3 out of 51 don't require
it. All states require children to get their chicken pox vaccine so they can attend elementary school. New Jersey requires the child to receive the shot by the first grade. New York on the other hand requires the child to receive it from date of birth. Ohio and South Dakota demand that children get their vaccine if they are in child care. 8 out of 51 state require kids in middle, junior and senior high to get their vaccine. These states include Nevada, Ohio, South Dakota, West Virginia, Arizona, Idaho, Mississippi, and Missouri. The Influenza vaccine also known as the flu shot only 3 out of 51 state require child to get it. These states include Connecticut, New Jersey and Rhode Island.