Manifest Destiny In The 19th Century

(13.1)In 1845, John O'Sullivan made credit for the phrase Manifest Destiny. Manifest Destiny is used to describe America's 19th century.
The Indian Removal Act of 1830 seen the U.S. Congress forcibly displace,all Native Americans living in the Southeast to west of the Mississippi River. The 1838 Trail of Tears also saw the U.S. government forced the Cherokee nation to relocate from the East Coast to Oklahoma.
Beginning in 1840, American settlers set out on the Oregon Trail, a wagon route starting in Missouri and ending in Oregon. This led to the Oregon Treaty of 1846 in which the U.S. gained the Oregon Territory from England.
Texas became a U.S. state in 1845. This precipitated the Mexican-American War, which waged over the right to Texas. Lasting from 1846-1848, it ended with the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
1848 also saw gold discovered at Sutter's Mill. This served as the catalyst for the California Gold Rush, which forever altered the landscape of California. It also provoked the need for the Pony Express.

(13.2)Let's review. Since its founding, America had been spreading out.
to settle in Texas. Government instability led Texas to declare its independence and petition for annexation into the United States. After admitting the territory, President Polk sent a diplomat to settle old disputes and offer to buy even more land. Mexico refused to discuss anything. Frustrated, Polk sent the army to occupy disputed borderland, leading to the Mexican-American War. From the outset, the war was controversial in the government and with the American people. Trying to settle the slave issue, the Wilmot Proviso suggested banning African-Americans completely from the land, but it failed. Later, popular sovereignty was introduced. California was captured, and then Mexico City fell. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo largely favored the United