Mapping

In geomatics or geospatial science and engineering:
Mapping usually refers to map-making and often used instead of cartography. Mapping term is also sometimes used for geospatial data collection or (e.g. LIDAR mapping) but in fact it is not mapping because a map is created through some cartographic works (i.e. determining the scale/level of detail and content of geographic or cartographic database, entry criteria and symbol specification for geospatial objects, generalization, layout design etc.). In other words, the acquisition of data with (geographic) coordinates directly from terrain or imagery does not mean mapping but surveying.
In biology and neuroscience:
Gene mapping, the assignment of DNA fragments to chromosomes
Brain mapping, set of techniques to study the brain
In mathematics:
Map (mathematics), often a synonym for function
Functional predicate, a logical symbol that may be applied to an object term to produce another object term
In computing:
Data mapping, data element mappings between two distinct data models
Level design, the creation of levels, locales, stages, or missions for a video game
Memory-mapped I/O, hardware pretending to be memory
Page mapping, or paging, in virtual memory systems
Cache mapping, the mapping of main memory locations into entries of a cache (computing)
Texture mapping, in computer graphics
Device mapping, the assignment of I/O devices to file descriptors, file names, file numbers, etc.
In logic, linguistics, and psychology:
Conceptual metaphor, an understanding one conceptual domain in terms of another conceptual domain
Metaphor, cross mapping across two or more seemingly unrelated subjects
Analogy, inference from a particular to another particular
In operations research:
Mapping of operational areas for the placement of resources in Production, costs, and pricing sites
Mapping of sales regions and the location of customers for directing marketing efforts
Mapping of supply chains for distribution and