Market Revolution
The market revolution occurred in the early 1800s and caused a lot of change in the country. Improvements in transportation were among the most beneficial of these changes. During this time period factories became more popular in the north and women began to hold paying jobs. Controversy over the national bank was among the most detrimental changes in the country. Although the banks helped the country’s economy at times it also caused the worst economic depressions the country had ever seen. The market revolution was a very important part of the development of the United States.
Throughout the early 1800’s transportation in the country was improved immensely. Railroads were built connecting the east and the west and provided a means of transporting goods and people across the country. John Stevens, the father of American railroads, charted the first railroad in 1815. The Baltimore and Ohio railroad was the first completed railroad in the country, 1830. Two other significant railroads included the Saratoga, which improved trade with the Native Americans, and the Transcontinental railroad, which was joined by the golden spike. In 1862 the railroad act was passed. Benefits of the railroads included an improved postal service, improvements in mapmaking, transportation and trade between the east and the west was easier and quicker, and westward expansion was made easier. Adverse effects of the railroads included, Buffalo being killed and air pollution was increased.
Steamboats were also an important innovation of the 1800’s. Robert Fulton’s invented the steam powered Clermont. This innovation provided a faster trip from New York to Albany. Robert Livingston funded resources for the production of some steamboats. The engines built in England, where industrialization was beginning to take place, and shipped to the United States to be assembled. By the 1830’s about 700 steamboats were in operation and water travel had been