The most important part of the law against disability discrimination is the duty on employers to make reasonable adjustments. Basically this means that, where workers are disadvantaged by workplace practices because of their disability, employers must take reasonable steps, eg by adjusting hours or duties, buying or modifying equipment or allowing time off, so that they can carry out their job. “The first requirement is a requirement, where a provision, criterion or practice of A’s puts a disabled person at a substantial disadvantage in relation to a relevant matter in comparison with persons who are not disabled, to take such steps as it is reasonable to have to take in order to avoid the disadvantage.” “The second requirement is a requirement, where a physical feature puts a disabled person at a substantial disadvantage in relation to a relevant matter in comparison with persons who are not disabled, to take such steps as it is reasonable to have to take in order to avoid the disadvantage.”
“The third requirement is a requirement, where a disabled person would, but for the provision of an auxiliary aid, be put at a substantial disadvantage in relation to a relevant matter in comparison with persons who are not disabled, to take such steps as it is reasonable to have to provide the auxiliary aid.”
Provided an adjustment would be reasonable, an employer has no defence of justification for not carrying it out.
Employers are expected to act positively and constructively. In the key case of Archibald v Fife Council, the House of Lords said:
“The DDA does not regard the differences between disabled people and others as irrelevant. It does not expect each to be treated in the same way. The duty to make adjustments may require the employer to treat a disabled person more favourably to remove the disadvantage which is attributable to the disability. This necessarily entails a measure of positive discrimination.”