Melting Point and Boiling Point of Compounds
Mapua Institute of Technology
School of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry
Muralla St., Intramuros, Manila
Melting Point and Boiling Point of Organic Compounds
Group No. 5
Manacup, Cris Vincent L.
Oblena, Adrian D.
Ong, Joshua Jyro B.*
*Leader
ABSTRACT In compounds, two of the physical properties affected by the varying structures are melting point and boiling point. Through the use of the Thomas-Hoover Melting Point Apparatus or the micro method, the melting and boiling point of organic compounds are now determined.
The aim of this experiment is to know the factors affecting the trend of melting point and boiling point. These factors are all based on the structural theory of compounds. Including are the intermolecular forces of attraction between molecules, geometric isomerism, purity for melting point determination; and intermolecular forces of attraction between molecules and branching for the boiling point determination.
From the structure, intermolecular forces can be observed (hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interaction, or London dispersion forces)*. Along with these forces, geometric isomerism affects also. In terms of purity, a pure compound has higher melting point than compound with impurities. Branching, also a factor, makes a compound smaller in terms of surface area that lowers boiling point.
*arranged from strongest to weakest
INTRODUCTION
Melting point of a compound is the temperature at which liquid and solid coexist in equilibrium where a substance in solid form for changes to a liquid. Boiling point, on the other hand, is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the external pressure where a liquid form of the substance changes to a gas.
These properties vary from structure to structure and can be explained by the structural theory. This involves the intermolecular forces of attractions for each molecule, the order in which atoms are put together in molecules and the electrons that hold
School of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry
Muralla St., Intramuros, Manila
Melting Point and Boiling Point of Organic Compounds
Group No. 5
Manacup, Cris Vincent L.
Oblena, Adrian D.
Ong, Joshua Jyro B.*
*Leader
ABSTRACT In compounds, two of the physical properties affected by the varying structures are melting point and boiling point. Through the use of the Thomas-Hoover Melting Point Apparatus or the micro method, the melting and boiling point of organic compounds are now determined.
The aim of this experiment is to know the factors affecting the trend of melting point and boiling point. These factors are all based on the structural theory of compounds. Including are the intermolecular forces of attraction between molecules, geometric isomerism, purity for melting point determination; and intermolecular forces of attraction between molecules and branching for the boiling point determination.
From the structure, intermolecular forces can be observed (hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interaction, or London dispersion forces)*. Along with these forces, geometric isomerism affects also. In terms of purity, a pure compound has higher melting point than compound with impurities. Branching, also a factor, makes a compound smaller in terms of surface area that lowers boiling point.
*arranged from strongest to weakest
INTRODUCTION
Melting point of a compound is the temperature at which liquid and solid coexist in equilibrium where a substance in solid form for changes to a liquid. Boiling point, on the other hand, is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the external pressure where a liquid form of the substance changes to a gas.
These properties vary from structure to structure and can be explained by the structural theory. This involves the intermolecular forces of attractions for each molecule, the order in which atoms are put together in molecules and the electrons that hold