Mgnrega(Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act), 2005
Introduction
Poverty in India is one of the main issues, attracting the attention of sociologists and economists. It indicates a condition in which a person fails to maintain a living standard adequate for a comfortable lifestyle.
Though India boasts of a high economic growth, it is shameful that there is still large scale poverty in India. Poverty in India can be defined as a situation when a certain section of people are unable to fulfill their basic needs. India has the world's largest number of poor people living in a single country. Out of its total population of more than 1 billion, 350 to 400 million people are living below the poverty line. Nearly 75% of the poor people are in rural areas, most of them are daily wagers, landless laborers and self employed house holders. There are a number of reasons for poverty in India.
Causes of Poverty in India:
High level of dependence on primitive methods of agriculture
Unequal distribution of income.
Large families.
Caste system.
High population growth rate
High Illiteracy (about 35% of adult population)
Regional inequalities
Natural calamities
Protectionist policies pursued till 1991 that prevented high foreign investment.
Major Crisis:
Major Rural crisis of the nation which need an immediate attention in order to enable all the fundamental rights of a citizen are as follows:
Growing unemployment and underemployment.
Falling purchasing power.
Declining per capita availability of food grains.
Reduced farm incomes and real wage growth.
Indebtedness and land alienation, esp. for small and marginal farmers.
Deceleration in agricultural growth, productivity per worker and rural non-agricultural employment growth.
Slackening pace of poverty reduction and worsening poverty amongst marginalized social groups and ethnic minorities.
Step taken by Government:
Microfinance.
BPL – Below Poverty Line.
Employment and Rural Development Policies :
Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar
Poverty in India is one of the main issues, attracting the attention of sociologists and economists. It indicates a condition in which a person fails to maintain a living standard adequate for a comfortable lifestyle.
Though India boasts of a high economic growth, it is shameful that there is still large scale poverty in India. Poverty in India can be defined as a situation when a certain section of people are unable to fulfill their basic needs. India has the world's largest number of poor people living in a single country. Out of its total population of more than 1 billion, 350 to 400 million people are living below the poverty line. Nearly 75% of the poor people are in rural areas, most of them are daily wagers, landless laborers and self employed house holders. There are a number of reasons for poverty in India.
Causes of Poverty in India:
High level of dependence on primitive methods of agriculture
Unequal distribution of income.
Large families.
Caste system.
High population growth rate
High Illiteracy (about 35% of adult population)
Regional inequalities
Natural calamities
Protectionist policies pursued till 1991 that prevented high foreign investment.
Major Crisis:
Major Rural crisis of the nation which need an immediate attention in order to enable all the fundamental rights of a citizen are as follows:
Growing unemployment and underemployment.
Falling purchasing power.
Declining per capita availability of food grains.
Reduced farm incomes and real wage growth.
Indebtedness and land alienation, esp. for small and marginal farmers.
Deceleration in agricultural growth, productivity per worker and rural non-agricultural employment growth.
Slackening pace of poverty reduction and worsening poverty amongst marginalized social groups and ethnic minorities.
Step taken by Government:
Microfinance.
BPL – Below Poverty Line.
Employment and Rural Development Policies :
Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar