Microbiology Study Questions
I. INTRODUCTION
Independent Study Questions 1.) What is the fundamental difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
Procaryotic cells do not contain a membrane-bound nucleus or any membrane-bound organelles. Eurkaryotic cells contain both a membrane mound nucleus and membrane-bound organelles (making them far more complex).
2.) List and describe the two domains of prokaryotic organisms. a. Bacteria- Most are a specific shape (cylindrical, spiral, or spherical). Cell wall contains peptidoglycan. Multiply by binary fission. b. Archaea- Similar in shape, size, and appearance to Bacteria. Multiply by binary fission. Cell wall does not contain peptidoglycan.
3.) List and describe the four groups of eukaryotic microorganisms c. Algae – diverse group of photosynthetis eukaryotes that often live in aqueous environments. Some are single-celled, while others a multi-celled. They all contain chloroplasts. Have a rigid cell wall. Most move by mean of flagella. d. Fungi – Yeasts, molds, and mushrooms. Some are single celled but many are large, multicellular ogranisms. Live primarily on land. e. Protozoa – single-celled eukaryotes that are not algae or fungi. Found in both terrestrial and aquatic environments. Do not have a rigid cell wall. f. Multicellular paracites (worms) – Live at the expense of a host
4.) List and describe the 3 types of non-living infectious agents g. Viruses – Nucleic acid 9DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat. Multiply by using the machinery and nutrients of living cells. h. Viroids – Consist of only a single, short piece of ribonucleic acid. Like viruses, they multiply only inside cells. They cause a number of diseases in plants. i. Prions – Misfolded (abnormal) various of a normal cellular protein. When it contacts the normal protein, it causes the normal protein to misfold. Cell becomes filled with misfolded protein that all bind
Independent Study Questions 1.) What is the fundamental difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
Procaryotic cells do not contain a membrane-bound nucleus or any membrane-bound organelles. Eurkaryotic cells contain both a membrane mound nucleus and membrane-bound organelles (making them far more complex).
2.) List and describe the two domains of prokaryotic organisms. a. Bacteria- Most are a specific shape (cylindrical, spiral, or spherical). Cell wall contains peptidoglycan. Multiply by binary fission. b. Archaea- Similar in shape, size, and appearance to Bacteria. Multiply by binary fission. Cell wall does not contain peptidoglycan.
3.) List and describe the four groups of eukaryotic microorganisms c. Algae – diverse group of photosynthetis eukaryotes that often live in aqueous environments. Some are single-celled, while others a multi-celled. They all contain chloroplasts. Have a rigid cell wall. Most move by mean of flagella. d. Fungi – Yeasts, molds, and mushrooms. Some are single celled but many are large, multicellular ogranisms. Live primarily on land. e. Protozoa – single-celled eukaryotes that are not algae or fungi. Found in both terrestrial and aquatic environments. Do not have a rigid cell wall. f. Multicellular paracites (worms) – Live at the expense of a host
4.) List and describe the 3 types of non-living infectious agents g. Viruses – Nucleic acid 9DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat. Multiply by using the machinery and nutrients of living cells. h. Viroids – Consist of only a single, short piece of ribonucleic acid. Like viruses, they multiply only inside cells. They cause a number of diseases in plants. i. Prions – Misfolded (abnormal) various of a normal cellular protein. When it contacts the normal protein, it causes the normal protein to misfold. Cell becomes filled with misfolded protein that all bind