Preview

Microtia

Better Essays
Open Document
Open Document
759 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Microtia
Microtia
Introduction
Microtia is a congenital deformity in which the pinna is very small and underdeveloped. This abnormality can be unilateral, affecting only one ear, or bilateral, affecting both ears. Unilateral microtia is most common, in which the right ear is affected more frequently than the left ear. A genetic disturbance results in microtia of the pinna. Many cases of microtia are categorized as idiopathic or of an unknown etiology. Occurring in 1 to 5,000-20,000 births, this deformity is more frequently seen in males. (Fuller, Pimentel & Peregoy, 2011, 330). Microtia causes varying degrees of hearing loss and major cosmetic problems.
Population
In a study, “Melnick and Myranthopoulos reviewed auricular deformities and associated anomalies in a series of 56,000 pregnancies in an ethnically diverse population (Caucasian 46%, African American 46%, Latino 8%), commenting on the incidence of anomalies and the embryogenesis and etiopathology of the varying deformities” (Lin, 2011). They found that microtia occurred in every 3 in 10,000 births. Microtia occurs in 1 per 900 to 1200 Navjo children and 1 in 4000 Japanese births (Fuller, Pimentel & Peregoy, 2011, 330).
Time of Onset Microtia is a congenital deformity, meaning that it is present at birth. Receiving genes from both parents during development, microtia results from a defective gene in the early development stage of ear development. Since microtia occurs in utero, there is no easy fix for this abnormality until the child is ready for surgery to recreate the outer ear.
Etiology
Hereditary factors and vascular accidents in utero are both factors in the etiology of microtia. Familial patterns are reminiscent that microtia is a result of multifactoral inheritance, including maternal rubella during the first trimester of pregnancy. Microtia occurs when there is a problem with the development of the ear when a baby is still an embryo. Occasionally occurring due to an inherited fault, microtia



Cited: Coping with and curing microtia. (2010). Retrieved from http://www.robertrudermd.com/microtia.html Fuller, D. R., Pimentel, J. T., & Peregoy, B. M. (2011). Applied antatomy & physiology for speech-language pathology & audiology. (p. 330). Lin, S. J. (2011, July 22). Microtia. Retrieved from http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1290083-overview Luguetti, D. (2011, November 21). Microtia: Epidemiology and genetics. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22106030

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Better Essays

    Tortora, G. J. and Derrickson, B. (2014), Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, Hoboken, NJ. Wiley & Son Inc.,…

    • 1065 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Better Essays

    Unit Project 4

    • 1226 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Martini, Frederic, Judi L. Nath, and Edwin F. Bartholomew.Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology. 9th ed. San Francisco, CA: Benjamin Cummings, 2012. Print.…

    • 1226 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Hassan Story

    • 690 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Cited: Jenkins, G., Kemnitz, C., & Tortora, G. (2007). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.…

    • 690 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Zacharys Story

    • 901 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Cited: Jenkins, G. W. (2013). Anatomy and Physiology from science to life. John Wiley & Sons., pg. 822-878…

    • 901 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Dna Worksheet

    • 472 Words
    • 2 Pages

    References: • Simon, E. J., Reece, J. B., & Dickey, J. L. (2010). Campbell essential biology with physiology (3rd Ed.). San Francisco, CA: Pearson Benjamin Cummings.…

    • 472 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    sporadic new mutation, which happens at conception. Therefore, as mentioned above, the diagnosis must be made…

    • 1791 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Cited: "Birth Defects." March of Dimes. March of Dimes Foundation, n.d. Web. 20 Mar. 2013. <http://www.marchofdimes.com/baby/birthdefects_marfan.html>.…

    • 2505 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Spina Bifida is a rare birth defect that causes a malfunction in a baby's spine when it develops. The spinal column is supposed to be closed all the way around, but for some children it never fully closes. This allows spinal nerves, cords, and sacs of fluid that would otherwise be enclosed be exposed. It can lead to serious damage like paralyzation. 8 children are born with this in the United States every day. “SB mostly occurs during first trimester of pregnancy.” Although nobody is completely sure what causes spina bifida, environment and genetics are estimated to be factors. There are three mains forms of this disability. Occulta, meningocele, and myelomeningocele are all various forms of spina bifida.…

    • 495 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Forensic Odontology Essay

    • 989 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Forensic science is the uses scientific knowledge to solve legal and criminal investigations by collecting evidence from the crime scene. There are two main parameters that can be used to identify the individual in this case, namely forensic odontology and forensic anthropology. Forensic anthropology identifies human remains especially bones as they could locate and recover suspicious remains to help determine the age, sex, ancestry, stature and features of a decedent from the skeleton. For example, the sex of a person can be determined by studying the base of the skull, the forehead and the jaw. One very efficient method is facial reconstruction. As soon as information such as the race, age and gender are obtained by anthropologists, the artist glues pieces of plastic to the skull at 18-26 key points by using tissue thickness sample charts to identify the victim from the face.…

    • 989 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    “Harlequin ichthyosis is a severe genetic disorder that mainly affects the skin. Infants with this condition are born with very hard, thick skin covering most of their bodies. The skin forms large, diamond-shaped plates that are separated by deep cracks (fissures). These skin abnormalities affect the shape of the eyelids, nose, mouth, and ears, and limit movement of the arms and legs (Genetics Home Reference, 2008).”…

    • 944 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Spina Bifida

    • 1816 Words
    • 8 Pages

    During the development of the embryo, within the first month the nervous system is formed. It is created by a plate of cells called the neural plate. This then turns in to the neural sheath. The neural sheath by the 28th day, develops into the brain and the spinal cord. If problems arise during the development of the cord, it is called a neural tube defect which can lead to spinal bifida or other spinal cord deformities. Spina Bifida is one of the most common birth defects with in the United States, one out of every eight babies are diagnosed with this disorder. Also 95 percent of babies with spina bifida and other neural tube defects are born to parents with no family history of these disorders. If one child has spina bifida, the risk of recurrence in any other pregnancy is greatly increased, to about one in 40.…

    • 1816 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Microphalu

    • 313 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Microcephaly is a rare disease that is noticeable immediately at birth, and in some cases it is noticeable before birth. Microcephaly also is a rare, neurological disorder in which the circumference of a child’s head is smaller than other children for the age and gender of the infant or child. With microcephaly, the brain is not able to develop properly, or in some cases does not grow at all, this all happens when the baby is in the womb. Microcephaly also makes the head smaller than it normally is. This disease is so rare that it only affects one in every 666,666 in the United States. Those who have microcephaly are usually mentally retarded and will have problems with hyperactivity, dwarfism, seizures, balance, speech and motor problems, as well as others. The child’s head can not be treated to become a normal shape or size but the treatments focus on ways to decrease the impact of the deformities and neurological disabilities. Microcephaly can happen to a child from either a genetic disorder or by the mother abusing certain substances. These substances include drugs, alcohol, or exposure to radiation. Microcephaly can be diagnosed by head circumference, x-ray, computed tomography scan, also called a CT or a CAT scan, magnetic resonance imaging, MRI, blood tests, or urine tests. The over all amount of the problem is usually not totally understood immediately after birth, but most likely revealed as the child grows and becomes an adult. Over all microcephaly is a disease that affects a child for the rest of his/her life.…

    • 313 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    strep Throat

    • 787 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Head injuries, allergies, measles, mumps, exposure to excessive or prolonged noise, down syndrome, frequent colds, and ear infections.…

    • 787 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Amniotic Band Syndrome

    • 104 Words
    • 1 Page

    As amniotic band syndrome is a heterogeneous disease that affects the limbs, or the same with amputation which can cause significant neonatal morbidity. It generally occurs very early in pregnancy, where genetic factors are involved or from the use of drugs, smoking and even diabetes which are contributing factors on the vascular systems of the fetus. Since it is a complex disease, the treatment and follow up requires a team of specialist to provide optimal care for the child into their adult life. Presented to the parents to treat their child was a consult involving plastic surgery and prosthetics when the child is…

    • 104 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays

Related Topics