Mikayla Spiccia

YEAR 12 INTERGRATED SCIENCE 1C – HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
Dislocation

A dislocation happens when power or heavy amount of weight is put on a ligament, resulting the ends of two connected bones to detach. Ligaments are flexible bands of fibrous tissue that attach numerous bones and cartilage.
Ligaments also bore the bones in a joint together. Tensions on joint ligament can consequent to dislocation of the joint. The hip and shoulder joints, for example, are called "ball and socket" joints. Extreme force on the ligaments in these joints can affect the ball to slightly or wholly come out of the socket that it is in.
Dislocations are uncommon in younger children because their growth plates which are the area of bone growth located in the ends of long bones are scrawnier than the muscles or tendons. Due to this, children are more disposed to fracture rather than dislocation.
The diagram to the right shows all types of joints in the body. These are examples where it is common for the bone to fall out of its place and where it isn’t sitting in its ball and socket. This allows us to visualise exactly what can happen in these situations where the joint becomes dislocated.
What are the symptoms of a dislocation?
These are the most corporate indicators of a dislocation. Nevertheless, different people experience symptoms inversely. Such as: * pain in the injured zone * swelling in the injured space * difficulty of using the injured area * deformity of the dislocated area * warmth, bruising, or redness in the injured region
Causes of dislocations include: * Sports injuries. Dislocations can occur in contact sports, such as football and hockey, and in sports that may involve falls, such as downhill skiing, gymnastics and volleyball. Dancers may also come across a dislocation in their bones because of the heavy impact that they force on their bodies. On occasions when they have twisted their body in the wrong way or when movements involve them falling to the ground. * Trauma not related to sports. When heavy impact is forced to a joint during a motor vehicle accident, it is a common cause of dislocation. * Falls. You may dislocate a joint during a fall. This may occur when you have simply tripped over – the dislocation doesn’t always arise due to the victim participating in a sport.
Treatment for dislocation:
All dislocations require immediate medical attention for the area to be healed. The first handling of a dislocation includes “R.I.C.E”. (rest, ice, compression, and elevation). Dislocations may heal themselves, meaning that the ends may go back into place in due time. If the region doesn’t pop back into place, then this will need to be conducted so the area will heal. Sedation is commonly used when putting the joint back into place. Sedation is used to relax the muscles around the dislocated joint so they will pop back into place more easily.
The diagram to the Left shows the difference between a dislocated shoulder and a normal shoulder. We are able to see that the arm bone has moved out of the socket of the joint. The arm bone should be placed safely back into the joint. Any kind of dislocation will time to heal and get back to its normal state. As we go on, further treatment for dislocation will be explained.

After seeing a physician to repair and place the joints back into place, they may recommend the following to treat the dislocation: * Splint/cast - stops the dislocated area to promote alignment and healing; protects the injured area from motion or use. * medication (relieve the pain) * Traction - The act of stretching out body parts in a particular direction. Traction consists of strings, weights, and a metal frame attached over or on a bed. The idea of traction is to stretch the muscles and tendons around the bone ends to help reduce the dislocation. * surgery (especially for dislocations that reoccur)
Extra endorsements might consist of: * Activity limitations (whilst body is healing) * crutches/wheelchair (to empower patient to move around throughout the soothing period) * physical therapy (to strengthened weak parts of the patient’s body)
DO NOT’S if a dislocation arises; * Do NOT move the person unless the victim has been immobilized. * Do NOT move a person with an injured hip, pelvis, or upper leg you are advised by a doctor. If you are the only one around, the person must be moved or dragged by their clothing. * Do NOT attempt to straighten a bone or join, to change its location. * Do NOT give the person anything by mouth.
Long-term viewpoint after a dislocation:
It is important that the patient follow to the activity restrictions and/or stretching and strengthening restoration programs to avert re-injury.
The symptoms a dislocated joint may have on a person during their time of pain may include being accompanied by numbness or tingling where the dislocated joint sits. May be intensely painful, mainly when the victim tries to use to the joint or put weight on it. The person will be limited in movement or the area will be swollen or the dislocated joint may be visibly out of place, discoloured or misshapen.
First Aid is essential for all kinds of dislocations because the area of the joint is at serious risk. The joint disorder will cause the victim serious pain and harm if not treated immediately. Joint dislocation is a very common condition that is found with people who play an intense amount of sport. These are the people it is commonly targeted at. Through intense treatments that are available for people, the wound will be healed in a rapid amount of time. The victim will need a heavy amount of rest and care for the injured area.
By Mikayla Spiccia

BIBLIOGRAPHY http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/dislocation/DS00239/DSECTION=causes http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000014.htm
http://www.lpch.org/DiseaseHealthInfo/HealthLibrary/orthopaedics/dislocat.html

Bibliography: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/dislocation/DS00239/DSECTION=causes http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000014.htm http://www.lpch.org/DiseaseHealthInfo/HealthLibrary/orthopaedics/dislocat.html