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Behavior Modification Applications: Potential Final Exam Questions
Chapter 16 [Questions 1, 2, 4, 5, 11, 15, 16, 19, 21]
1. Define stimulus generalization and give an example that is not in this chapter.
Stimulus generalization is the procedure of reinforcing a response in the presence of a stimulus or situation, and the effect of the response becoming more probable in the presence of another stimulus or situation. Basically, a person responds the same way to two different stimuli. An example of this would be: a child seeing a black cat and calling it a cat, then seeing a black dog and calling it a cat as well.
2. Explain the difference between stimulus generalization and stimulus discrimination. Describe examples illustrating the difference.
Stimulus generalization is the procedure of reinforcing a response in the presence of a stimulus or situation, and the effect of the response becoming more probable in the presence of another stimulus or situation. An example is of a child in habit of swearing now swears in a different situation, at home, and there will be a different result than at school. Parents are likely to punish/reprimand the child’s word choice. Stimulus discrimination is when a response occurs to a discriminative stimulus (a stimulus in the presence of which a response will be reinforced) and not a stimulus for reinforcement. An example is when a child swears at school, stimulus of peers increases this behaviour as they reinforce it. [Stimulus generalization- person responds the same way to 2 different stimuli, stimulus discrimination- person discriminates between 2 different stimuli.]
4. What is a primary distinction between stimulus generalization involving a common-element stimulus class and stimulus generalization involving an equivalence class?
Common-class: more unlearned; same object but different form; common characteristics
Equivalence class: more learned; one common element but different items; no common
Chapter 16 [Questions 1, 2, 4, 5, 11, 15, 16, 19, 21]
1. Define stimulus generalization and give an example that is not in this chapter.
Stimulus generalization is the procedure of reinforcing a response in the presence of a stimulus or situation, and the effect of the response becoming more probable in the presence of another stimulus or situation. Basically, a person responds the same way to two different stimuli. An example of this would be: a child seeing a black cat and calling it a cat, then seeing a black dog and calling it a cat as well.
2. Explain the difference between stimulus generalization and stimulus discrimination. Describe examples illustrating the difference.
Stimulus generalization is the procedure of reinforcing a response in the presence of a stimulus or situation, and the effect of the response becoming more probable in the presence of another stimulus or situation. An example is of a child in habit of swearing now swears in a different situation, at home, and there will be a different result than at school. Parents are likely to punish/reprimand the child’s word choice. Stimulus discrimination is when a response occurs to a discriminative stimulus (a stimulus in the presence of which a response will be reinforced) and not a stimulus for reinforcement. An example is when a child swears at school, stimulus of peers increases this behaviour as they reinforce it. [Stimulus generalization- person responds the same way to 2 different stimuli, stimulus discrimination- person discriminates between 2 different stimuli.]
4. What is a primary distinction between stimulus generalization involving a common-element stimulus class and stimulus generalization involving an equivalence class?
Common-class: more unlearned; same object but different form; common characteristics
Equivalence class: more learned; one common element but different items; no common