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TWO-PROCESS THEORIES AND STROOP EFFECT: STUDYING THE EFFECT OF COLOUR CORRELATED WORDS (IV) vs. NEUTRAL WORDS WHEN RECORDING RESPONSE TIMES (DV) FOR IDENTIFYING THE INK COLOUR IN WHICH A WORD IS PRINTED.
Abstract
The idea of two-process theories and the Stroop effect are assessed in this experiment. The intention is to look for a predicted pattern between the response times of two separate conditions; one using a list of words that are colour related, such as “lemon” and another list of words which are all neutral such as “chair” . The participants were asked to name the colour of the ink which each word was printed in. The prediction is that the response times for the Stroop condition (colour related words) will be higher than those for the control condition (neutral words).
(100 words)
Introduction
The Stroop effect is what is being focused on in this project. Stroop (1935) (as cited in Edgar 2007) did research on the relationship between automatic and controlled processes, suggesting it is harder to name the colour of the ink a word is written in if the word is colour related such as blue or red, than if the word was a neutral word such as chair or table. The reason for this can be explained in dual-task studies, such as the one conducted by Posner and Boies (1971) (as cited in Edgar 2007). They asked participants to do two things at once, one visual and one auditory. Posner and Boise found that if the auditory task was presented at the same time as the visual task, the response times were slower than if it was presented shortly after the visual task. This suggests that the brain has a limited pool of resources and can process incoming stimuli more efficiently when not presented together. Interestingly, McLeod (1977) (as cited in Edgar 2007) adjusted Posner and Boise’s study by requiring an audible ‘bip’ from the participant as opposed to a button press as in the original study, and he found there was no difference in response times between the conditions,
Abstract
The idea of two-process theories and the Stroop effect are assessed in this experiment. The intention is to look for a predicted pattern between the response times of two separate conditions; one using a list of words that are colour related, such as “lemon” and another list of words which are all neutral such as “chair” . The participants were asked to name the colour of the ink which each word was printed in. The prediction is that the response times for the Stroop condition (colour related words) will be higher than those for the control condition (neutral words).
(100 words)
Introduction
The Stroop effect is what is being focused on in this project. Stroop (1935) (as cited in Edgar 2007) did research on the relationship between automatic and controlled processes, suggesting it is harder to name the colour of the ink a word is written in if the word is colour related such as blue or red, than if the word was a neutral word such as chair or table. The reason for this can be explained in dual-task studies, such as the one conducted by Posner and Boies (1971) (as cited in Edgar 2007). They asked participants to do two things at once, one visual and one auditory. Posner and Boise found that if the auditory task was presented at the same time as the visual task, the response times were slower than if it was presented shortly after the visual task. This suggests that the brain has a limited pool of resources and can process incoming stimuli more efficiently when not presented together. Interestingly, McLeod (1977) (as cited in Edgar 2007) adjusted Posner and Boise’s study by requiring an audible ‘bip’ from the participant as opposed to a button press as in the original study, and he found there was no difference in response times between the conditions,