This study compared the academic achievement of students from monogamous and polygamous families. It was a causal comparative study under the survey research approach. The sample consisted of 100 SSI students from monogamous families and 100 SSI students from polygamous families. Simple random sampling method was used In selecting four secondary schools in Offa, Kwara State. Stratified simple random sampling method was also used In seiecting the students. A proforma was used for collecting data on the academic achievement of the students. Analysis of the data, using t-test statistics showed that a significant difference exists between the academic achievement of students from monogamous homes and those from polygamous homes. One of the Implications bf this finding to teaching and learning is that a consideration of students ' family background is Important because it will help teachers to find out the types of home the students come from. They will also be aware of the nature of social interactions in such homes and the psychological, social and emotional problems the students are facing at home. This knowledge will help teachers to counsel the students on how to overcome such problems and have positive attitude towards the situation so, that their academics will not be adversely
affected. The teachers will also understand the importance of a conducive social climate in teaching and learning. The study recommended that parents from Polygamous families be considered to ensure that their" homes are rid of rancour and other behaviours 82 that might influence the child 's achievement negatively. Introduction Over the years, many educational authorities have sought to find out the reasons for the downward trend in the academic achievement
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