Monomers And Macromolecules: Carbon Compounds
Sean Byrne
Teacher
Biology Honors
13 August 2014
Unit 1
Chapter 3
1)
a. Monomers are small, simple molecules that when put together create carbon compounds, and polymers are molecules that consist of repeated units.
b. Functional groups are made of clusters of atoms, while macromolecules are large polymers.
c. A monosaccharide is a simple sugar, but a disaccharide is known as a double sugar, or two monosaccharaides.
d. Long chains of amino acids are called polypeptides, and proteins are composed of one or more of them.
e. Nucleic acids are composed of thousands linked monomers called nucleotides.
2)
a. Triglycerides are made of three molecules of fatty acids joined to one molecule of the alcohol glycerol.
b. The physical fit between the enzyme and its specific substrate is …show more content…
what the enzymes reactions depend on. Also the linkage between the enzyme and the substrate causes a slight variation in the enzyme’s shape.
3) The words my teacher is making me use in a sentence are monomer, polymer, condensation reaction, and hydrolysis.
4) Most organisms’ molecules are based of carbon, therefore most carbon compounds are organic.
5) While organic compounds are made mostly of carbon atoms, inorganic compounds are not made of carbon atoms
7) Functional groups help influence the characteristics of the molecules they compose and the chemical reactions the molecules take part in. For example, the hydroxyl group, one of the functional groups, attaches to molecules and can make them polar.
9) ATP is used by cells to gain the energy it needs, so the cell can take part in chemical reactions that it needs to execute so organisms can survive.
10) The four major classes of organic compounds are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
14) Although all proteins are made of many amino acids, what gives them their different structures is, what is known as, the R group in amino acids.
19) While triglycerides are made of three molecules of fatty acids joined to one molecule of the alcohol glycerol, phospholipids are only made of two fatty acids joined to a molecule of glycerol, and steroids don’t have any fatty
acids.
22) Although deoxyribonucleic acid contains information that determine each and every characteristic of an organism and directs its cell activities, ribonucleic acid stores and transfers information from the DNA that is necessary for the manufacturing of proteins.
23) The three parts of a nucleotide are the phosphate group, a five-carbon sugar, and a ring-shaped nitrogenous base.
Teacher
Biology Honors
13 August 2014
Unit 1
Chapter 3
1)
a. Monomers are small, simple molecules that when put together create carbon compounds, and polymers are molecules that consist of repeated units.
b. Functional groups are made of clusters of atoms, while macromolecules are large polymers.
c. A monosaccharide is a simple sugar, but a disaccharide is known as a double sugar, or two monosaccharaides.
d. Long chains of amino acids are called polypeptides, and proteins are composed of one or more of them.
e. Nucleic acids are composed of thousands linked monomers called nucleotides.
2)
a. Triglycerides are made of three molecules of fatty acids joined to one molecule of the alcohol glycerol.
b. The physical fit between the enzyme and its specific substrate is …show more content…
what the enzymes reactions depend on. Also the linkage between the enzyme and the substrate causes a slight variation in the enzyme’s shape.
3) The words my teacher is making me use in a sentence are monomer, polymer, condensation reaction, and hydrolysis.
4) Most organisms’ molecules are based of carbon, therefore most carbon compounds are organic.
5) While organic compounds are made mostly of carbon atoms, inorganic compounds are not made of carbon atoms
7) Functional groups help influence the characteristics of the molecules they compose and the chemical reactions the molecules take part in. For example, the hydroxyl group, one of the functional groups, attaches to molecules and can make them polar.
9) ATP is used by cells to gain the energy it needs, so the cell can take part in chemical reactions that it needs to execute so organisms can survive.
10) The four major classes of organic compounds are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
14) Although all proteins are made of many amino acids, what gives them their different structures is, what is known as, the R group in amino acids.
19) While triglycerides are made of three molecules of fatty acids joined to one molecule of the alcohol glycerol, phospholipids are only made of two fatty acids joined to a molecule of glycerol, and steroids don’t have any fatty
acids.
22) Although deoxyribonucleic acid contains information that determine each and every characteristic of an organism and directs its cell activities, ribonucleic acid stores and transfers information from the DNA that is necessary for the manufacturing of proteins.
23) The three parts of a nucleotide are the phosphate group, a five-carbon sugar, and a ring-shaped nitrogenous base.