The Moral Model of addiction implies that people have a choice as to their use of substances. The decision of…
Author's position: Addiction is not a clear cut medical condition and adopting the disease model of addiction has serious ramifications for American society.…
Addicts make rational decisions causing them to create a web of lies and steal possessions just to get their next dose. They surround themselves with people who have similar backgrounds and manipulate their loved ones. Their outlook towards non-addicts are negative and pre-judge them as judgmental or stuck up, they have developed a type of dissonance to feel superior. The more they believe it's okay, the less likely they will get help. Before they became addicts, there may have been a sense of guilt but once they become numb to the guilt, their reality becomes a fantasy. As Festinger’s theory predicts an addict will create false beliefs to hide their true behavior or, in this case, addictive behavior.…
Psychodynamic is the view point I agree with the most for the explanation of substance abuse. Although, the environment a person lives in plays a vital role in how they view these instances. I believe it begins in an early age of how we are raised that will determine our self-esteem levels which further determines whether we are susceptible to excessively using drugs or alcohol. Personally, I believe that is how addicts get hooked but, for a person to try these drugs to begin with has much to do with the way they were raised. As a child we are educated about the affects of addictive drugs because, most schools have a seminar on them. Even our parents teach us the difference between right and wrong. I believe that as kids we need a home that is loving, secure, and with minimal stress to fulfill all of our emotional needs. According to “Addictioninfo.org" (n.d.), “In its brief form, a psychodynamic approach enables the client to examine unresolved conflicts and symptoms that arise from past dysfunctional relationships and manifest themselves in the need and desire to abuse substances” (Chapter 7 Brief Psychodynamic Theory).…
Addiction is not easily defined. For some, it involves the “continued, self-administered use of a substance despite substance- related problems, and it results in tolerance for the substance, withdrawal from the substance, and compulsive drug- taking behavior due to cravings” or drives to use the substance (Schuckit, 1992, p. 182). No single theory adequately describes the etiology of addiction or dependence (McNeece & DiNitto, 2012). Most models of addiction is an “addictive disease” (Washton, 1989, p.55). In this paper will compare and contrast the moral model and the disease model conceptualizing addiction. Describe the two on how they take competing views on addiction, and a summary on a theory that can be most useful in helping to intervene on addiction.…
There are different models of addiction, these are the biological model, the cognitive model and the social learning model.…
Capuzzi, D., & Stauffer, M. D. (2012). History and Etiological Models of Addiction. In D. Capuzzi & M. D. Stauffer (Eds.), Foundations of addiction counseling (pp. 1-15). Boston, MA…
This chapter discusses the biological perspective on addiction. When looking at this perspective it is important to understand the biological causes of addiction, tolerance and withdrawal. The chapter discusses the different ways drugs can be administered and absorbed. Further it talks about the different ways drugs are metabolised and excreted and how drugs affect the central nervous system. Lastly it examines tolerance and withdrawal as understood from the biological perspective.…
In order to better understand addiction as a disease as opposed to a moral dilemma it first must be broken down. First you must look at the way in which the chemicals affect the brain. The first attempt at partaking in any mind altering substance can be looked at as a choice to the individual. However what happens after that first time? Are you then in control of how much or how often the substance is introduced to the body? As the substance is consumed it begins to alter the way in which the brain controls our feelings; happy, sad, anger, depression, etc. The brain tries to compensate for the influx of chemicals by reducing the amount of dopamine (a simple organic chemical in the brain system that is responsible for reward-driven learning). Thus when the substance is no longer in the system you can experience extreme “lows” that directly relate to depression. The brain then tells the body that it needs more of the DOC (drug of choice) to make up for that loss. It can be argued that once the levels of dopamine have diminished in the brain the choice of whether or not to use the DOC has been lost. Subconsciously the individual will experience the phenomenon of “craving”. As stated by the National Institute on Drug Abuse, “The initial decision to take drugs is mostly voluntary. However, when drug abuse takes over, a person 's ability to exert self control can become seriously impaired. Brain imaging studies from drug-addicted individuals show physical changes in areas of the brain that are critical to judgment, decision-making, learning and memory, and…
Narcotics Anonymous (2008) describes itself as a fellowship or society of men and women for whom drugs had become a major problem (p. 2) . There are two basic types of meetings, "open" and "closed". Anyone is welcome to attend an open meeting, while closed meetings are limited to addicts and to people who think they may have a problem with drugs. I made the decision to attend the 90 minute open discussion named Just for Today. Just for Today is named after the book Just for Today: Daily Meditations for Recovering Addicts which is a year full of motivational meditations, prayer, and positive thoughts in order to aid the recovering addict.…
Addiction is defined as “a state of physiological or psychological dependence on a potentially harmful drug or behavior (Encarta, 2009).” Addiction has the distinction of creating a positive feeling or a false sense of euphoria. This is seen most prominently in drug and alcohol addictions as they both give the user a false sense feeling of well being and happiness. Although drug and alcohol addictions are the prevalent addictions, they are not the only ones. Some other addictions are: shopping, smoking, gambling, and sometimes sex addictions give the addict the same sense of well being. However, they all share the same negative outcome to the individual as his or her compulsion to acquire the “high” overrides the logical and rational sense of self-preservation.…
The medical model of addiction believe that addiction is a brain disease where there is imbalance in neurotransmitters. This model assumes that there are three components to the disease, which are the agent, vector, and the host. This theory says the agent is the drug, vector the dealers, while the host is the addict and to cure the disease, someone will have to eliminate the drugs. Psychodynamic model of addiction believe that drug abuse is self medicating and that there are some underlying psychological problems, which if the internal conflict is resolved, there will not be any need to use drugs. I particularly like the psychodynamic model of addiction because it talks about the root cause of addiction, which is unresolved internal conflict.…
Addiction is a condition that outcomes when someone ingests a substance or takes part in an action that can be pleasurable yet the proceeded with use/demonstration of which gets to be enthusiastic and meddles with customary life obligations, for example, work, connections, or wellbeing. Commonly, the users may not be mindful that their conduct is wild and bringing about issues for themselves as well as other people. Somebody who is dependent or snared mentally trusts that they can't work without this substance in their bodies. Medication and liquor enslavement and destroy families, they change people who once were the best individuals to be around with. Most addictions begin at a people immaturity age where they simply realizing who they are…
Addiction is the fact or condition of being dependent upon a particular substance. The ripple effect caused by addiction not only affects its victims but also the loved ones and people close to them. As someone that has seen the disastrous effects addiction can cause for both parties, there isn't one specific path it can go.…
After reading “Shamanic Origins of Religion and Medicine” Written by Weston La Barre, PH.D. I have a new outlook on what a shaman is. A shaman to me is a person who has understanding of the paranormal in dreams, trance, vision, hallucination, spiritual state. Shamans use drugs most of the time to heal or see the vision that help in there assistance to people in need. Sometimes history has shown that shamans were jokesters and entertainers. Drug and alcohol counseling (Chemical Dependency Counseling) assists addicted clients to stop using illegal drugs and there is possibility clients might need prescription drugs to treat other mental issues do so.…