Abortion, when induced in the developed world in accordance with local law, is among the safest procedures in medicine. However, unsafe abortions result in approximately 70 thousand maternal deaths and 5 million disabilities per year globally. An estimated 44 million abortions are performed globally each year with slightly under half of those performed unsafely. The incidence of abortions has stabilized in recent years, having previously spent decades declining as access to family planning education and contraceptive services increased. Forty-percent of the world’s women have access to induced abortions (within gestational limits).
Induced abortion has a long history and has been facilitated by various methods including herbal abortifacients, the use of sharpened tools, physical trauma, and other traditional methods.
Contemporary medicine utilizes medications and surgical procedures to induce abortion. The legality, prevalence, cultural and religious status of abortion vary substantially around the world.
Its legality can depend on specific conditions such as incest, rape, severe fetal defects or the mothers health being at risk. In many parts of the world there is prominent and divisive public controversy over the ethical and legal issues of abortion.
Women seeking to terminate their pregnancies sometimes resort to unsafe methods, particularly when access to legal abortion is restricted. They may attempt to self-abort or rely on another person who does not have proper medical training or access to proper facilities. This has a tendency to lead to severe complications, such as incomplete abortion,