E.coli is a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family which is also where Salmonella typhinurium is also classified. E.coli lives in the intestines of humans and can cause many infections ranging in severity. It doesn 't even require any growth factors, and can synthesize all essential purines, pyrimidines, amino acids and vitamins, starting with their carbon source, as part of their own intermediary metabolism (Todar). I was nervous about working with E.coli and bacteria because in general before starting this lab because of some of the symptoms they can cause. Especially intestinal swelling (MedLineplus). Even with that stated I have grown to enjoy this experiment and have learned so much valuable information that will benefit me in my nursing…
Clostridium Difficile is a Gram-positive, toxin-producing anaerobic bacterium belonging to the family Clostridiaceae of the Clostridiales. Though strictly oxygen-intolerant, C. Difficile is able to produce aero tolerant endospores under unfavorable conditions that are capable of persisting in an open environment for years. C. Difficile is a commensalist species typically housed in the colonic fecal flora of a fairly small subset of the child population, with the number of carriers decreasing as children age. [1] When it exists in small numbers, this organism remains non-pathogenic. However, when it does manage to colonize and yield larger populations, its pathogenicity becomes the root cause of a variety of colon infections.…
Enterococcus faecalis is a gram-positive facultative anaerobic bacterium, and it frequently is isolated from endodontic cases requiring retreatment. It can infect dentinal tubules up to 800 micrometers from the root canal wall. E. faecalis was found in many studies to be resistant to most of the used intracanal medications. Sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine have proved to be effective against E. faecalis in vitro, but they require direct contact.(106,107)…
-Hickson, May. “Probiotics in The Prevention of Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhoea and Clostridium difficile Infection.” Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology. May 2011 v 4(3): p 185-197: Ebscohost. 1 Apr 2014 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3105609/…
Editors: • • • • Brett Mitchell, TIPCU Fiona Wilson, TIPCU Dr Alistair McGregor, TIPCU Dr Stephanie Dancer, Consultant Microbiologist, National Health Service, Lanarkshire, Scotland, UK.…
The article stated that in both humans and chimpanzees, the intestines hold lots of bacteria and microbes that do multiple things. They also hold some of the same bacteria like Olsenella and Prevotella. When the bacteria is low, diseases like obesity, diabetes, and chron’s appear (Duke University). During the study the researchers put the data of the bacteria and microbes with what the chimps ate each day and how much…
Although bacteria is microscopic in size, it is largely important in the healthcare field, environmental work, food preparation, as well as many other industries. In particular, it is essential that healthcare workers be able to identify the species of bacteria invading a human reservoir in order to prescribe the correct antibiotic that will kill that species. For the purpose of bacteria identification, numerous tests have been devised to find out the exact species in question. However, because new strains continue to emerge, it is of the utmost importance that microbiologists and microbiology students understand the nature of each bacterial species and how that species creates and maintains its complex communities. Of equal…
E. faecium is a prokaryote that normally grows in groups or chains and is considered to be vancomycin resistant. Although, E. faecium is typically found in the gut of humans and animals it can be an opportunistic pathogen and may cause infection when the immune system has been damaged. Due to their ability to resist a variety of antibiotics and survive on inanimate objects for long periods of time, they have recently been termed an important nosocomial pathogen referred to as a “superbug”. Infections related to E. faecium include urinary tract infections, wound infections, and soft tissue infections. In a patient who has previously damaged cardiac valves E. faecium may lead to endocarditis. Although Enterococci are part of the normal flora in humans and animals there are only a few of its species that cause clinical infections. The most common being Enterococcus faecalis, which accounts for up to 90% of clinical isolates. However the other species, E. faecium, particularly the vancomycin-resistant strain that was once nearly 10%, is beginning to increase in the amount of clinical isolates. This increase may be a result of surgical wounds, intravascular catheter placement, contaminated food, and poorly treated sewage. Considering the fact that E. faecium may be excreted in human, pets, and…
There are many causes that led to the victory of the North, as well as many effects that follow their victory. Three important causes that led to the victory of the North are economic growth, secession, and the election of President Abraham Lincoln. Three important effects that followed the victory of the Northern States in the American Civil War are emancipation, a new financial system, and political freedom.…
A gastroenterologist is a physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of the diseases related to the human digestive system. After completing medical school and a three-year residency in Internal Medicine, gastroenterologists enter a rigorous fellowship program that provides more training devoted to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract over a period of three years. Fellowship training encompasses every aspect of this specialized practice, from initial patient assessment to determining how and when to perform endoscopic procedures, proper interpretation of test results, and optimum recommendations for care and treatment of a full range of gastroenteroloical diseases and…
The lived experience of Adults with ulcerative Colitis focused the relevance of findings on how the patient adapts to Ulcerative Colitis in their everyday lives and how should health care professionals better implement individualized care plan rather than a generalized care plan that is used to treat every patient because not every medical case of UC is the same (Sammuet et. al., 2015, p. 2659). Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Based on clinical manifestations IBD can be categorized as Crohn's disease or UC. Sammuet et. al., (2015) noted an exploratory qualitative phenomenological design tries to understand the disease from the personal views of patients that experienced it. In this case, there was ten interviews…
Gut bacteria are bacteria that are located in the gut. The gut is considered as any part of the gastrointestinal tract. The gastrointestinal tract includes the stomach, mouth, oesophagus, and duodenum. The gastrointestinal track has many different parts and each part contains different bacteria.There are 100 trillion bacteria present in the human body, most of them can be found within the gut and others can be found in the mouth, skin surface, urogenital tract and nose. Its structure is unique to each individual and it contains more than 3 million microbial genes. Gut bacteria is very useful in the body as it helps to breakdown food that has not been broken down properly by the stomach and the small intestine, it also helps in…
Clostridium difficile also called C. difficile, it is an inflammation of the colon caused by the bacteria that can caused swelling and irritation of the large intestine, or colon. clostridium difficile is a bacterium that causes diarrhea and more serious intestinal condition such as colitis. Clostridium difficile is recognized as a toxin producing anaerobic bacterium responsible for colitis infection. The main risk factors for clostridium difficile infections are antibiotic exposure, hospitalization, and increasing age.…
Intestinal malrotation is a birth defect affecting 1 in 500 individuals. 75 to 90% of individuals diagnosed with intestinal malrotation are babies under the age of one year. Most of these cases needs medical emergency treatment. These babies experience pain resulting in a constantly crying baby that places a severe physical and emotional stress and anxiety on their carers. Some babies will die from medical complications as a result of that birth defect. The lesser percentage of intestinal malrotation cases will reach adulthood with varying degrees of clinical symptoms such as painful abdomens bloating, constipation, vomiting and other agonising gastrointestinal signs. Modern diagnostic technology and the less invasive surgery techniques are…
The most common infection in the health care setting is Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) and it is associated with sky rocketing hospital costs, deaths and complications. (Zacharioudakis, et al., 2015) According to studies released in the United States by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2015, the current economic burden of infectious C. difficile has become the most common microbial cause of recurrent antibiotic-associated diarrhea and other gastrointestinal illnesses and costs the American Health care system up to 4.8 billion each year. (CDC, 2015) These studies also show “nearly half a million Americans suffered from C difficile infections in one year,” additionally 1 in 5 patients experience a reoccurrence of…