Colonialism has been recognized historically as a tool of domination, typically following the military subjugation of one people by another. It is a process whereby the colonizer, mother country, invades and then exercises sovereignty over the colony and its indigenous population primarily for economic exploitation. It creates a master-slave relationship between the mother country and the new colony, whereby the vast resources and indigenous population of the colony exist to serve the mother country and the needs of its elites. Colonialism was common before the Second World War when the European nations established their colonies in Asia, Africa and America since after the Second World War decolonization took place.
After the decolonization, colonialism has taken a new form. ‘Neo Colonialism’ is a term used for new Colonialism. It is a relationship between two nations in which one nation exercises strategic, economic and cultural domination over the, despite the legal independence of the other. Neocolonialism basically refers to the idea that some countries can control their former colonies (or other less developed countries) by political, economic and cultural pressures.The term Neo-colonialism was first coined in 1965 by the president of Ghana, Kwame Nkrumah, in the book Neo-Colonialism, the Last Stage of Imperialism.
Neo Colonialism is also defined as a process by which multinational and transnational corporations, with or without the aid of rich & powerful developed states, use direct or indirect means to dominate developing states politically, socially, economically, & culturally.
Neo Colonialism in Africa
Introduction:
It is no secret that Africa is wallowing in extreme poverty, well behind other developing nations in Asia and South America, and definitely centuries behind the Western civilizations that are the United States and Europe. Africa is deep in debt, hunger, diseases, illiteracy and civil strife. Many argue that the condition