Ntc-360 Short Answer Paper
Wk 3: Short Answer Paper
Charlene Quinones
Network and Telecommunications Concept/NTC-360
June 19, 2011
Fernando Casafranca
Here are the short answer responses for the following terms: • Synchronous and asynchronous
1 SYNCHRONOUS
Synchronous systems negotiate the communication parameters at the data link layer before communication begins. Basic synchronous systems will synchronize both clocks before transmission begins, and reset their numeric counters for errors etc. More advanced systems may negotiate things like error correction and compression.
2 ASYNCHRONOUS
Asynchronous communication utilizes a transmitter, a receiver and a wire without coordination about the timing of individual bits. There is no coordination between the two end points on just how long the transmiter leaves the signal at a certain level to represent a single digital bit. Each device uses a clock to measure out the 'length ' of a bit. The transmitting device simply transmits. The receiving device has to look at the incoming signal and figure out what it is receiving and coordinate and retime its clock to match the incoming signal. • Analog and digital
3 Analog
A string tied to a doorknob is a practical example of an 'analog ' system. The string, when shaken, creates waves that travel down the length of the string until they hit the doorknob. Shake the string harder and you get bigger waves that travel faster down the string and hit the doorknob harder. Shake the string more gently and you get smaller waves. Shake the string up and down and the waves are oriented vertically, shake the string sideways and the waves are oriented horizontally. One thing is constant--the shape created by the string is wave-like.
5 Digital
A digital system would be more like flipping a light switch on and off. Speaking in general terms, there is no 'in between ' values, unlike our doorknob and string example above. If
Charlene Quinones
Network and Telecommunications Concept/NTC-360
June 19, 2011
Fernando Casafranca
Here are the short answer responses for the following terms: • Synchronous and asynchronous
1 SYNCHRONOUS
Synchronous systems negotiate the communication parameters at the data link layer before communication begins. Basic synchronous systems will synchronize both clocks before transmission begins, and reset their numeric counters for errors etc. More advanced systems may negotiate things like error correction and compression.
2 ASYNCHRONOUS
Asynchronous communication utilizes a transmitter, a receiver and a wire without coordination about the timing of individual bits. There is no coordination between the two end points on just how long the transmiter leaves the signal at a certain level to represent a single digital bit. Each device uses a clock to measure out the 'length ' of a bit. The transmitting device simply transmits. The receiving device has to look at the incoming signal and figure out what it is receiving and coordinate and retime its clock to match the incoming signal. • Analog and digital
3 Analog
A string tied to a doorknob is a practical example of an 'analog ' system. The string, when shaken, creates waves that travel down the length of the string until they hit the doorknob. Shake the string harder and you get bigger waves that travel faster down the string and hit the doorknob harder. Shake the string more gently and you get smaller waves. Shake the string up and down and the waves are oriented vertically, shake the string sideways and the waves are oriented horizontally. One thing is constant--the shape created by the string is wave-like.
5 Digital
A digital system would be more like flipping a light switch on and off. Speaking in general terms, there is no 'in between ' values, unlike our doorknob and string example above. If
References: • http://www.inetdaemon.com/