Nursing Ethical Principles

Arellano University
Florentino Cayco Memorial School of Graduate Studies
Masters of Arts in Nursing
METHODS OF RESEARCH IN NURSING
Jennylyn C. Cabanto, RN

Gen. Marlene Padua, RN, MAN

June 29, 2013
ETHICAL PRINCIPLES IN NURSING RESEARCH
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
As modern, civilized people: systematic violations of moral principles within a research context occurred centuries ago rather than in recent times – FALSE
The Nazi Medical Experiments (1930s & 1940s)
The Tuskegee Syphillis Study (1932-1972)
Injection of Live Cancer Cells into elderly patients at the Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital in
Brooklyn, without the consent of those patients
1993 – U.S Federal agencies had sponsored radiation experiments since the 1940s on
hundreds
Documentation of Informed Consent
- signing a consent form
- document should be signed by the researcher, and a copy should be retained by both parties
Guidelines in developing a consent form:
1. Organize the form coherently so that prospective participants can follow the logic of what is being communicated.
2. Use a large enough font so that the form can be easily read, and use spacing that avoids making the document appear too dense.
3. In general, simplify. Use clear and consistent terminology, and avoid technical terms if possible 4. If possible, use a readability formula to estimate the form’s reading level, and make revisions to ensure an appropriate reading level for the group under study.
5. Test the form with people similar to those who will be recruited, and ask for feedback
VULNERABLE
Fabrication of data is rendered punishable when the false data is incorporated into the official study notebook; submitted to a funding agency; or publicly disseminated through the process of publication, patent application, or at a public forum such as a professional meeting, seminar, or symposium; regardless of whether the data is subsequently published or not.
Falsification is manipulating research materials, equipment, or processes, or changing or omitting data or results such that the research is not accurately represented in the research record. Falsification also includes the selective omission/deletion/suppression of conflicting data without scientific or statistical justification.
Examples of Falsification:
 Altering data to render a modification of the variances in the data;
 Falsifying dates and experimental procedures in the study notebook;
 Misrepresenting results from statistical analysis;
 Misrepresenting the methods of an experiment such as the model (e.g., cell line) used to conduct the experiment;
 Adding false or misleading statements in the manuscript or published paper;