Complexity of nursing knowledge can be influenced and may originate from different factors. In 1984, Benner suggested …show more content…
A competent nurse in this theory element is someone with two to three years of experience, working in the same area and have been exposed to similar day-to-day situations (Benner, 1984). Furthermore, a competent nurse considers establishing a plan based on considerable conscious, abstract, analytic contemplation of the problem (Benner, 1984).
Proficient. Benner (1984) considers a nurse proficient if he or she perceives situations as a whole. This section of the theory considered the nurse’s perspective is not thought out but “presents itself” based upon experience and recent events. In this level, improved decision making skills provide a more holistic approach to the situation presented to the nurse (Nursing Theories, 2011). The proficient nurse learns from experience and considers planning and modifying responses to any typical events in a clinical situation. (Benner, 1984).
Expert. According to Benner (1984), the expert nurse has a deep connection and understanding of the situation and no longer relies on analytical principle. The expert nurse has an intuitive grasp of situations and utilizes this to determine his or her next actions. The major characteristic of an expert nurse includes fluidity, flexibility, and highly proficient (Nursing Theories, 2011). Expert nurse’s assumptions are based on “hunches” and must exceedingly be skillful in the use of analytic tools that can be used in new situations or if the nurse gets the wrong “hunch” (Benner,