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OB ASSESSMENT draft
Table of Contents

Page
1. Title Page……………………………………………………………………………………I

2. Table of Contents…………………………………………………………………………..II

3. Introduction to Assessment Question……………………………………………………III

4. Discussion on topic………………………………………………………………………...IV

Impact of Structure on Motivation
Impact of Culture on Motivation
How does National Culture affect Organizational Culture
What are the Implications for Motivation
How does National and/or Organizational Culture Impact Structure (or vice versa) and therein Motivation

5. Conclusion………….………………………………………………………………………..X

6. References………………………………………………………………………………....XII

1. Introduction
In order to discuss how organisational structure and culture (organisational and/ or country) may influence (positively or negatively) motivation of individuals in organisations, secondary based research was done and key theories will be cited from academic texts and journals for analysis purposes.
“An organization, is an assembly of people working together to achieve common objectives through a division of labour”. Reference for Business (1999) Encyclopaedia of Business, 2nd ed. [online]
Structure helps influence behaviour and relationships of jobs and functions. It is like a ‘two-edged’ sword in the sense that what works for one employee, might not work for another.
Therefore, Organisational Structure defines the organisation’s hierarchy of people and departments, how job tasks are formally divided, as well as how information flows within the organization, as stated in Mullins (2007, p. 564).
Culture can be defined as the interweaving individuals into a community. It is the values, norms, beliefs and customs that an individual holds common with members of a social group or unit.
Hence the fact that Organizational Culture is a main element for promoting an innovative environment through motivation. It represents major changes in “the way we do things around here”.
Mullins L. J. (2007) described Motivation as “The processes that



References: Alvesson, M. (2002). Understanding Organizational Culture. UK: Sage Publication Limited. Anthony, P. (1994). Managing Culture. Open University Press. Armstrong, M., Barron, A. (2003). Strategic Human Resource Management. UK: British Library. Boddy, D (2002). Management. 2nd ed. Pearson Education Limited, Essex UK. Brown, A. (1998). Organizational Culture. 2nd ed. UK: Pearson Education Limited. Cameron, K. S., Quinn, R. E(2005). Diagnosing and Changing Organizational Culture 2nd ed. USA: Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication. Cȃpeanu-Sonea, E., Borza, A., Sonea, A., Mitra, C. S. (2010). Organisational Culture in Transitional Economy: A Comparative Study of Romania. Employee Relations, 32 (3), 328-344. Conte, J. M., Landy, F. J. (2010). Work in 21st Century. 3rd ed. USA: Blackwell Publications Limited. Davis, J. M. (2010). Young Children and the Environment. USA: Oxford University Press . Davis, S. J. (2008). Security Supervision and Management. 3rd ed. UK: Oxford University Press. Deal, T. E., Kennedy, A. A. (2000). Corporate Cultures: The Rites and Rituals of Corporate Life 2nd ed. USA: Addison Wisley. Denison, D. (1990). Corporate Culture and Organizational Effectiveness. John Wiley & Sons: New York. Desimone, R. L., Werner, J. M. (2009). Human Resource Development. 5th ed. USA: Cangage Learning Limited. Goffee, R., Jones, G. (1996). What Holds the Modern Company Together? Harvard Business Review, 74, (6), 133-148 Greenberg, J., Edwards, M Hackman, J. R. & Oldham, G. R. (1976). Motivation through the design of work: Test of a theory. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 16, 250-279. Herzberg, Frederick (January–February 1964). "The Motivation-Hygiene Concept and Problems of Manpower". Personnel Administrator (27): pp. 3–7. Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture’s Consequences. Sage, Beverly Hills, CA. Hofstede, G Jarnagin, C., Slocum, J. W. Jr. (2007). Creating Corporate Cultures through Mythopoetic Leadership. Organisational Dynamics, 36 (3), 288-302. Junge, M Kanter, R. (1989). The New Managerial Work. Harvard Business Review, 89 (6), 85-92. Kotter, P., Heskett, L. (1992). Corporate Culture and Performance. New York: Macmillan. Kumar, N Mullins, L. J. (2007). Management and Organisational Behaviour. 8th ed. Pearson Education Limited Ogbonna, E., Harris, L Ricky, A. (2007). Fundamentals of Management. 5th ed. USA: Houghton Mifflin Company. Robbins, S. P(2006). Organizational Behavior. 2nd ed. South Africa: Pearson Education Limited. Rosdahl, B Rousseau, D. (1991). Quantitative Assessment of Organizational Culture. Group and Organizations Studies, 15 (4), 448-460. Schein, E Schein, E. H. (2004). Organizational Culture and Leadership. 3rd ed. USA: John Wiley and Sons Inc. Schien, E. H. (2004). Organizational Culture and Leadership. 3rd ed. USA: Jossey-Boss Limited. Shabir Ahmad Wani, (2011), Impact of Organizational Culture On Employee Motivation. Scribd.com. (Accessed 16/08/2011). Smoke, C. H. (2005). Company Officer. 2nd ed. USA: Thompson Education Limited. Suppiah, V., Sandhu, M. S. (2011). Organisational Culture’s Influence on Tacit Knowledge-sharing Behaviour. Journal of Knowledge Management, 15 (3), 462-477. Truskie, S. (1999). Leadership in High-performance Organizational Cultures. Quorom Books Beer M & Spector, Lawrence P, Millis, D & Walton. (1985). HRM: A General Manager’s Perspective, New York: Free Press. CBI. (1979). Priorities for in-company communications: A corporate appraisal Report No.770, The Conference Board. Farnham A, D. (1993). Employee Relations, Exeter: Short Run Press. Knowledge and Process Management, 9 (3): 162-171. Forcadell, Francisco J. & Guadamillas, Fa’tima. (2002). A case Study on the Implementation of a Knowledge Management Strategy Oriented to Innovation Komal K. B & Tahir M. Q. (2007). Impact of Employee Participation on Job Satisfaction, Employee Commitment and Employee Productivity. International Review of Business Research Papers, Vol. 3, No.2 June 2007, pp. 54-68. Littman, Margaret. (2000). Best Boss tell All. Working Women, Oct. p. 51. Marchington, M., Goodman, J. et al. (1992). New Development in Employee Involvement Department of Employment Pereira, L., 2014 Research, Series No. 2 [online] Atkinson and Frechette, (2009) Creating a Positive Organizational Climate in a Negative Economic One Improving Organizational Climate to Transform Performance © 2009 IIR Holdings, Ltd Clark, R. E. (2003) Fostering the work motivation of individuals Available at http://www.usc.edu/dept/education/cogtech/publications/clark_fostering.pdf [Accessed 22 October 2014] Maslow, A Management Study Guide (2013). Charles Handy Model of Organization Culture [online] Retrieve from: http://www.managementstudyguide.com/charles-handy-model.htm [Accessed 22 October 2014]

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