It takes a great deal of effort to encode things into memory. It does not always consist of repetition. There is a difference in an automatic response and something you have to work at. Drinking when thirsty is an automatic response, as opposed to riding a bicycle take concentration and you need to put the steps into memory. People tend to process information differently. Two individuals can watch the same video and gather different bits of information but both correctly state the main point of the video. Simply trying to remember things by simple repetition simply will not do. When choosing a password, people tend to choose something that has meaning to them so they will not forget it. I tend to use one of three passwords in different variations and I tend to forget them until I request a password reset.
2.) What factors influence forgetting?
There are several factors the influence forgetting. Retrieval failure or decay theory is one of them. What that means is every time a memory trace is created or a new theory is formed over time the new memories replace the old memories. Interference, which theory known as an interference theory, works in the matter that memories compete and interfere with other memories. When the memories are similar they tend to blend together. Motivated forgetting just simply means that you choose not to remember the memory due to positive or negative events or feelings towards the memory.
3.) What is the difference between cramming and learning?
The difference between cramming and learning is simply a time frame. Cramming is usually done at the last minute due to an upcoming event that you need the information for. Learning is done in short sessions over a length of time. While learning involves physical and mental effort, comprehension, and ensures retention whereas cramming does not.