Overview of Bones and Skeletal Tissues
6: Bones and Skeletal Tissues
Objectives
Skeletal Cartilages 1. Describe the functional properties of the three types of cartilage tissue. 2. Locate the major cartilages of the adult skeleton. 3. Explain how cartilage grows.
Classification of Bones 4. Name the major regions of the skeleton and describe their relative functions. 5. Compare and contrast the structure of the four bone classes and provide examples of each class.
Functions of Bones 6. List and describe five important functions of bones.
Bone Structure 7. Indicate the functional importance of bone markings. 8. Describe the gross anatomy of a typical long bone and flat bone. Indicate the locations and functions of red and yellow marrow, articular cartilage, periosteum, and endosteum. 9. Describe the histology of compact and spongy bone. 10. Discuss the chemical composition of bone and the advantages conferred by the organic and inorganic components.
Bone Development 11. Compare and contrast intramembranous ossification and endochondral ossification. 12. Describe the process of long bone growth that occurs at the epiphyseal plates.
Bone Homeostasis: Remodeling and Repair 13. Compare the locations and remodeling functions of the osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts. 14. Explain how hormones and physical stress regulate bone remodeling. 15. Describe the steps of fracture repair.
Homeostatic Imbalances of Bone 16. Contrast the disorders of bone remodeling seen in osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and Paget’s disease.
Developmental Aspects of Bones:Timing of Events 17. Describe the timing and cause of changes in bone architecture and bone mass throughout life.
Outline of Chapter I. Skeletal Cartilages (p. 173; Fig. 6.1)
A. Basic Structure, Types, and Locations (p. 173; Fig. 6.1)
1. Skeletal cartilages are made from cartilage, surrounded by a layer of dense irregular connective tissue called the perichondrium.
2. Hyaline cartilage is the most abundant skeletal
Objectives
Skeletal Cartilages 1. Describe the functional properties of the three types of cartilage tissue. 2. Locate the major cartilages of the adult skeleton. 3. Explain how cartilage grows.
Classification of Bones 4. Name the major regions of the skeleton and describe their relative functions. 5. Compare and contrast the structure of the four bone classes and provide examples of each class.
Functions of Bones 6. List and describe five important functions of bones.
Bone Structure 7. Indicate the functional importance of bone markings. 8. Describe the gross anatomy of a typical long bone and flat bone. Indicate the locations and functions of red and yellow marrow, articular cartilage, periosteum, and endosteum. 9. Describe the histology of compact and spongy bone. 10. Discuss the chemical composition of bone and the advantages conferred by the organic and inorganic components.
Bone Development 11. Compare and contrast intramembranous ossification and endochondral ossification. 12. Describe the process of long bone growth that occurs at the epiphyseal plates.
Bone Homeostasis: Remodeling and Repair 13. Compare the locations and remodeling functions of the osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts. 14. Explain how hormones and physical stress regulate bone remodeling. 15. Describe the steps of fracture repair.
Homeostatic Imbalances of Bone 16. Contrast the disorders of bone remodeling seen in osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and Paget’s disease.
Developmental Aspects of Bones:Timing of Events 17. Describe the timing and cause of changes in bone architecture and bone mass throughout life.
Outline of Chapter I. Skeletal Cartilages (p. 173; Fig. 6.1)
A. Basic Structure, Types, and Locations (p. 173; Fig. 6.1)
1. Skeletal cartilages are made from cartilage, surrounded by a layer of dense irregular connective tissue called the perichondrium.
2. Hyaline cartilage is the most abundant skeletal