Oxides Research
Oxides Research
1. Assess evidence, which indicates increases in atmospheric concentration of oxides of sulfur and nitrogen.
Thorough collection of data, surveys, and tests from the 1950's indicate a rising trend in atmospheric concentrations of oxides of sulfur and nitrogen. An enhancement in funding, technological and information resources, has led to wider and more detailed analyses of oxides of sulfur and nitrogen concentrations, and as the diagrams indicate (see diagrams) there is a clear rise in these oxides.
Unfortunately, comprehensive statistics of various gases in the atmosphere only dates back to 50 years ago, therefore reducing numerical evidence available to scientists. However, complementary events, which have increased in regularity and severity, provide indirect evidence, which the increasing atmospheric concentrations of oxides of nitrogen and sulfur.
These indicators include:
· Mt Kilauea, Hawaii; released 350 000 tonnes of sulfur dioxide, annually since 1986
· Mt Pinatubo, Philippines; Spewed out 15-20 million tonnes of sulfur dioxide.
· Pea-Soup Fog, London; 4000 lives claimed due to fog, high in sulfur and other toxic chemicals concentration (0.4ppm). Caused by burning of coal, with high sulfur concentrations.
· High levels of nitrogen have contributed in increase of acid rain events.
· Nitrogen dioxide has been directly linked with the formation of photochemical smog
The increasing concentration of oxides of nitrogen can be more easily identified through the effects of acid rain. (as nitrogen oxides contribute heavily in the formation of acid rain, therefore an increase in regularity and severity of acid rain events, can be directly linked to large quantities of nitrogen oxides :
· Formation of precipitation such as fog and snow, with a pH of below 5.6.
· Effect on vegetation, in acid rain effected regions (see acid rain)
· Effect on the low buffering fresh water waterways.
· Acidic pH levels in soil.
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1. Assess evidence, which indicates increases in atmospheric concentration of oxides of sulfur and nitrogen.
Thorough collection of data, surveys, and tests from the 1950's indicate a rising trend in atmospheric concentrations of oxides of sulfur and nitrogen. An enhancement in funding, technological and information resources, has led to wider and more detailed analyses of oxides of sulfur and nitrogen concentrations, and as the diagrams indicate (see diagrams) there is a clear rise in these oxides.
Unfortunately, comprehensive statistics of various gases in the atmosphere only dates back to 50 years ago, therefore reducing numerical evidence available to scientists. However, complementary events, which have increased in regularity and severity, provide indirect evidence, which the increasing atmospheric concentrations of oxides of nitrogen and sulfur.
These indicators include:
· Mt Kilauea, Hawaii; released 350 000 tonnes of sulfur dioxide, annually since 1986
· Mt Pinatubo, Philippines; Spewed out 15-20 million tonnes of sulfur dioxide.
· Pea-Soup Fog, London; 4000 lives claimed due to fog, high in sulfur and other toxic chemicals concentration (0.4ppm). Caused by burning of coal, with high sulfur concentrations.
· High levels of nitrogen have contributed in increase of acid rain events.
· Nitrogen dioxide has been directly linked with the formation of photochemical smog
The increasing concentration of oxides of nitrogen can be more easily identified through the effects of acid rain. (as nitrogen oxides contribute heavily in the formation of acid rain, therefore an increase in regularity and severity of acid rain events, can be directly linked to large quantities of nitrogen oxides :
· Formation of precipitation such as fog and snow, with a pH of below 5.6.
· Effect on vegetation, in acid rain effected regions (see acid rain)
· Effect on the low buffering fresh water waterways.
· Acidic pH levels in soil.
·