Peptic Ulcer Research Paper

A peptic ulcer is a mucosal contusion in the stomach or duodenum. Peptic Ulcer disease results from when the mucosal defenses get incapacitated and no longer shield the epithelium from the result of acid and pepsin. There are three types of ulcers that may occur gastric, duodenal, and stress ulcers. Most ulcers are caused by H.Pylori infection, which is carried through the fecal-oral route and thought to be received in childhood. It also can be received through contaminated endoscopic equipment. As a reaction to the bacteria, cytokines, neutrophils, and other substance are activated and cause epithelial cell necrosis. Urease, a substance secreted by the H.Pylori bacterium, produces ammonia and creates a more alkaline environment (Medscape,1995). Hydrogen ions then are released to respond to the ammonia that causes more
Having a family history of peptic ulcer disease puts people at higher risk for this disease. Also those receiving radiation therapy could develop GI ulcers. Some substance as corticosteroids, theophylline, and caffeine can cause gastroduodenal ulceration by altering gastric secretion, causing damage to mucosa and hinder the healing process. More than 6 million people in the United States every year are affected by this disease. The rate of H.pylori infection for duodenal ulcers in the United States is less than 75% for people who do not use NSAIDS (Medscape,2013). People who are not using NSAIDS, 61% duodenal ulcers and 63% of gastric ulcers are H.pylori positive. The most common symptom of a Peptic Ulcer is a burning pain. The cause of the pain is from the ulcer and is irritated by stomach acid. The pain may typically occur at night, can be from the navel to the breastbone. Vomiting up blood which could be black or red. Dark tarry stool ore blood in the stool. Nausea, vomiting, weight loss and appetite changes are some other sign and symptoms of a peptic