Sociologist and researchers have favoured two different approaches to poverty: absolute poverty and relative poverty. The concept of absolute poverty is grounded in the idea of subsistence- the basis conditions that must be met in order to sustain a physically healthy existence. People who lack these fundamental requirements for human existence-such as sufficient food, shelter and clothing are said to live in poverty. The concept of absolute poverty is seen as universally applicable to all countries. Any individual anywhere in the world, can be said to live in poverty if he or she fall before this universal standard’
The most commonly used way to measure poverty is based on incomes. A person is considered poor if his or her level of income falls below the minimum level necessary to meet basis needs. This minimum level is usually called the “poverty lines”. What is necessary to satisfy basis needs varies
Barnardos’s chief executive, November (2012), reports that, Debating how child poverty is measured must not distract from the urgent need for action to improve the life chances of children currently growing up in families that are languishing below the breadline. Which is why Barnardo’s urges the government to keep measuring income, but also help families climb their way up and out of the poverty trap by helping them to manage debt, understand what benefits they are entitled to and manage the impact of rising fuel prices? There is also a concern that the government is seeking to change the definition of poverty and the way it is measured because it knows how far off it is from meeting the 2020 target to end child poverty. The institute of Fiscal Studies
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