*M. Kalai Nathiyal Dr. K. Palaniyappan PhD Research Scholar Professer and Head Department of English Department of English Annamalai University Annamalai university Chidambaram Chidambaram Email Id: englitphd@gmail.com
The History of the effective and creative efforts of black poets in America begins in 1746 with Lucy Terry’s Bar Fight, a poem is about Indian Raid on white settlement. And the Black women’s poetic works continued with Phills Wheatley’s poems on various subjects like moral , religious , moral , universality and humanistic quest . Universalism is a term used to identify particular doctrines considering all people in their formation. Universalism in the religious context claims that religion is a universal human quality. These poems confirm that the Black has literary voices to express their issues of the Eighteenth century. This essay attempts to transfer a brief study on the values of universal humanism in Rita Dove’s poetry.. This paper focuses on Promoting Universal Humanism in Rita Dove’s Select poems.
Humanism is a group of philosophies and ethical perspectives which emphasize the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively, and generally prefers individual thought and evidence (rationalism, empiricism), over established doctrine or faith (fideism). The term humanism can be ambiguously diverse, and there has been a persistent confusion between several related uses of the term because different intellectual movements have identified with it over time. In philosophy and social science, humanism refers to a perspective that affirms some notion of a "human nature" (contrasted with anti-humanism). In modern times, many humanist movements have become strongly aligned with secularism, with
Cited: Dove, Rita. “Museum.” Kennedy Center Stagebill (Nov.1995): 8-11 ___ “Mother love.”Newyork: W.W. Norton, 1995 ___ “Grace Notes. New York: W. W. Nortan,1989. Pierre, Malin. Rita Dove’s Cosmopolitanism. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2003 Rampersad, Arnold. “The legacy of Black Intellectuals.” Raritan 18.4 (Spring 1999) Steffen, Therese. “The Darker Face of the Earth: A conversation with Rita Dove.”Transition 74 (1998): 112-23