Proposal Draft 2
Title
Antibiotic Prescribing Pattern Across Four Health Clinics in Putrajaya.
Background
The use of antibiotics have effectively prolonged life expectancy and are currently one of the most commonly prescribed drugs in healthcare facilities worldwide1. Unfortunately, widespread use and misuse worldwide have led to the emergence of ‘super bugs’ and other drug-resistant bacteria2-4. Excessive and inappropriate use of antibiotics contributes to the development of bacterial resistance5-7, an increased risk of side effects, high costs and effects requiring medical attention. Inappropriate use of antibiotics often increases the cost of therapy due to antimicrobial resistance, which gives rise to another issue of budget constraints, leading to health and economic burden, where patients who are resistance to the antibiotics would have poorer clinical outcomes and bear higher cost of treatment8-12.The practitioners should be made aware of the importance of combination therapy in the treatment of certain infections so that the chance of resistance development can be ameliorated to the most possible extent. Besides that, many studies have indicated that antibiotics are among the major groups of drugs which cause adverse drug reactions (ADRs) 13. In developing countries such as Malaysia, the cost of health care is a matter of major concern.
In Malaysia, reports on antibiotic utilization at an institutional level include both cross-sectional14 and longitudinal studies15 of prescribing patterns. According to recent reports, Asia Pacific regions recorded a range of 11.6% to 67.0% of antibiotic prescription rates1. In terms of Malaysian public health clinic settings, one report recorded 45.5% of antibiotic prescription rates, specifically for upper respiratory tract infection (URTI)14.
Based on Drug Procurement Report 2014 of Putrajaya Health Clinics, two antibiotics were listed amongst the top 20 drugs in terms of usage and purchasing value i.e. amoxycillin 250mg capsule
Antibiotic Prescribing Pattern Across Four Health Clinics in Putrajaya.
Background
The use of antibiotics have effectively prolonged life expectancy and are currently one of the most commonly prescribed drugs in healthcare facilities worldwide1. Unfortunately, widespread use and misuse worldwide have led to the emergence of ‘super bugs’ and other drug-resistant bacteria2-4. Excessive and inappropriate use of antibiotics contributes to the development of bacterial resistance5-7, an increased risk of side effects, high costs and effects requiring medical attention. Inappropriate use of antibiotics often increases the cost of therapy due to antimicrobial resistance, which gives rise to another issue of budget constraints, leading to health and economic burden, where patients who are resistance to the antibiotics would have poorer clinical outcomes and bear higher cost of treatment8-12.The practitioners should be made aware of the importance of combination therapy in the treatment of certain infections so that the chance of resistance development can be ameliorated to the most possible extent. Besides that, many studies have indicated that antibiotics are among the major groups of drugs which cause adverse drug reactions (ADRs) 13. In developing countries such as Malaysia, the cost of health care is a matter of major concern.
In Malaysia, reports on antibiotic utilization at an institutional level include both cross-sectional14 and longitudinal studies15 of prescribing patterns. According to recent reports, Asia Pacific regions recorded a range of 11.6% to 67.0% of antibiotic prescription rates1. In terms of Malaysian public health clinic settings, one report recorded 45.5% of antibiotic prescription rates, specifically for upper respiratory tract infection (URTI)14.
Based on Drug Procurement Report 2014 of Putrajaya Health Clinics, two antibiotics were listed amongst the top 20 drugs in terms of usage and purchasing value i.e. amoxycillin 250mg capsule