Since the change of the agricultural production, there has been both positive and negative effects, with regards to the environment and the economy. New technologies, government policies, increased chemical use and the mechanisation of the farming world have all favoured maximizing crop production. There have, however been some significant costs. Topsoil depletion, groundwater contamination, decline of family farms, increased costs of production and reduction of species diversity.…
India is the top country for malnourishment, at an appalling 214 million malnourished people. Although acute action is needed to act fast and provide relief efforts to the people of India, there is more so a chronic relief effort that needs to be implemented to provide a developmental program that creates sustainability within the country. These people need our support and education in order to help begin the process. They have pleaded for our help in the beginning steps of creating a community garden. This garden can provide nourishment to the people of this country as we implement many of them in different villages. They do not have the technology of tools or the different types of seeds that can provide fruits and vegetables. By helping them start the gardens, this can then provide the resources needed for future seasons in crop rotations.…
Interaction between humans and the environment has always had a great importance in the development of humankind; according to Marx, what differentiates humans from other animals is the fact that humans can transform their surroundings to suit their needs, through labor. The Green Revolution is not the exception to that. In times of need the human being manipulated its environment to be suitable for its development, however, the question lingers, how efficient was it, how positive? The Green Revolution, from 1945 to the present, was motivated by the need to increase the production of food to supply for the increasing demand as population grew, to promote national self-sustainability in terms of food. However, during that period the effect of the Revolution have been detrimental to the environment and society: they have damaged agricultural diversity and heritage, damaged the lands, and put at risk food security; also, they have widened the gap between the very rich and the very poor, monopolizing the food industry.…
Although the Green Revolution was started to end world hunger and the disparity in developing countries, it caused other consequences which included population growth and changes in genetic diversity of certain plants and cultural lifestyles. This revolution introduced the use of new technology and many scientifically altered crops to the world. With the rise in food supply, the population increased and some countries weren’t as starving as before. But with the advancement in technology and crop varieties, the environment and some societies suffered.…
The researches that formed and became the Green Revolution changed the agricultural technologies of many places and peoples. The Green Revolution was an introduction of a new technology of scientifically bred crops that went worldwide. In 1945 the Green Revolution started as leaders addressed the issues of hunger and starvation with the Green Revolution as the solution, and although it helped many people at the time, the Green Revolution is debated today whether it environmentally crushed many societies or was a worldwide helpful event.…
The Green Revolution was the world’s introduction to modern agricultural and a time of vast improvements in the world’s fight against hunger. New technologies such as High Yield Variety seeds, chemical fertilizer, and agricultural machinery led this revolution and are still a big part of the way we produce food for the world today. The Green Revolution was a savior do many small developing countries throughout the world that barely made enough food to survive and one bad harvest could destroy an entire village. Food is now mass produced throughout the fields of the world and distributed on the world market to countries in need and to already developed countries whose people will pay for foreign and exotic food. The Green Revolution has one enemy; the reproductive rate of the human species is exceeding the rate at which we can make food to feed it.…
Although population,conditions of technology and economy, and climate changes seem to be correlated with the human beings, they are both factors which cannot be changed by a simple policy or a short-term plan less than a decade. Therefore, in this essay, they are classified into the objective factors challenging the food supplies. As iscommonly known, population booming will directly lead to the severe shortage of land and water which are essential to the food production. Weak conditions in terms of technology and economy accelerate the ‘yield gap’ and aggravate the threat, making the poor area more vulnerable (Godfray, et al, 2010).Also, extreme weather along with the deterioration of global climate will damage the crops. Climate changes including global warming will change the seasonal patterns of pollination for crops which would influence their production (Slaght, 2012).…
The Green Revolution had a positive, negative, or possibly both consequences on the way human beings have evolutionized through out the years. Each of these documents specifically proves that whether good or bad the different societies have been able to incorporate a little from what the Green Revolution has left them into their daily lives. The Green Revolution on one-side has ignited the revolution for new ideas and traditions. On the other side the Green Revolution has become a form of destructing the true and only roots for most farmers.…
Agriculture has been the economic foundation of most societies for thousands of years. The collection and production of food has always had a significant and special place in human activity. Because of the importance of food, agricultural practices have been constantly changing in order to find the best ways of supplying the sustenance people require. Probably the most significant change in agricultural production began to take place in 1945, with what has become commonly referred to as the green revolution. Essentially, the green revolution transformed the…
By definition, sustainable agriculture is the production of food, fibre, or other plant or animal products using farming techniques that protect the environment, public health, human communities, and animal welfare. This form of agriculture enables us to produce healthful food without compromising future generations' ability to do the same. Without sustainability, the world’s future generations of farmers will be faced with extreme agricultural issues and be faced with having to produce food, fibre, or other plant or animal products using farming techniques that account for the poor quality of environment in which to produce these. Sustainable agriculture integrates three main goals--environmental…
The increased dependence of modern agriculture on fossil fuel-based energy, while reducing drudgery, simultaneously increases the risk of the farmer to fluctuations in fuel prices. Labour costs have also risen sharply in recent times forcing farmers to go in for mechanization. The increased frequency of extreme weather events like droughts, floods, heat-waves and cold-spells being witnessed and attributed to climate change, are also causing frequent losses to farmers. Any strategy in agriculture, therefore, should address these key challenges of land degradation, water availability, energy requirement and labour costs. Conservation agriculture addresses all these key challenges. Zero tillage (ZT) or no-tillage one of the vital approaches of conservation agriculture is now being practiced on almost 100 million ha area worldwide with the major countries being USA, Brazil, Argentina, Canada and Australia. However, the adoption of the technology in Asian countries has been low. The modern concept of ZT tends to imply seeding a crop mechanically in undisturbed soil-covered plant residues. By adopting the zero-tillage system, some of the countries have reportedly got substantial benefits in terms of grain production, revenue generation and environmental protection. Less tillage of the soil reduces labour, fuel, irrigation and machinery costs. In India, efforts to adapt and promote resource conservation technologies have been underway for nearly a decade but it is only in the past 4 to 5 years that the technologies are finding rapid acceptance by the farmers. In India spread of technologies is taking place in the irrigated regions in the Indo-Gangetic plains where rice-wheat cropping system dominates. ZT systems have not been tried or promoted in other major agro-eco regions like rainfed semi-arid tropics, the arid regions or the mountain agro-ecosystems. As sustainable agriculture becomes more popular, monetary grants and awards are becoming readily available…
Agriculture is the backbone of India’s economic activity and our experience during the last 50 years has demonstrated the strong correlation between agricultural growth and economic prosperity. The present agricultural scenario is a mix of outstanding achievements and missed opportunities. If India has to emerge as an economic power in the world, our agricultural productivity should equal those countries, which are currently rated as economic power of the world. We need a new and effective technology which can improve continuously the productivity, profitability, sustainability of our major farming systems. One such technology is the green house technology. Although it is centuries old, it is new to India. So, Greenhouse Technology is the technique of providing favorable environment condition to the plants. “Greenhouses are framed or inflated structures covered with transparent or translucent material large enough to grow crops under partial or fully controlled environmental conditions to get optimum level of productivity.…
The initiatives involved the development of high-yielding varieties of cereal grains, expansion of irrigation infrastructure, and distribution of hybridized seeds, synthetic fertilizers, and pesticides to farmers. The term "Green Revolution" has been attributed to William Gaud of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) in a speech given to the Society for International Development in March 1968. In December 1969, the Green Revolution was presented by him to the U.S. Congress as a major tool of American foreign policy that provided bright market prospects to the pesticide, fertilizer, seed, and tractor industries in the third world countries. The fertilizers started making its way to India in early 1950s. There were three group of agencies involved in transferring the American modal of agriculture to India- the private American foundations (Rockefeller foundation, Ford Foundation etc), American government and the World Bank. In 1958 he Indian Agriculture Research Institute which had been set up in 1905was reorganised and Ralph Cummings, the field director of the Rockefeller foundation became its first Dean. The work of Rockefeller foundation and Ford foundation was to facilitate, to introduce the capital intensive agriculture in poor countries with the financial aid of World Bank. Rockefeller foundation also financed trainees form India to learn new technologies form America. All the money was aided by the help of World Bank. But the Indian indigenous breeds and variety was not responsive to these fertilisers. Indigenous breeds used to topple from head when fed with fertilisers, due to its higher length of stem from panicle to roots. When fed with fertilisers panicle used to become heavy and finally toppled decreasing the productivity. The research on plants with short stems was discovered by Norman Borlaug in his dwarf variety of wheat through his research in CIMMYT (A research station in Mexico on wheat and maize). The…
The theme of this Congress, `Science for Shaping the Future of India`, reflects the dream of every generation of Indian scientists. Faster growth over the next few decades, more sustainable development based on food and energy security, and socio-economic inclusion made possible by rapid growth of basic social services, such as education and health, are all crucial for defining India’s future. Science, technology and innovation all have an important role to play in achieving these objectives. Science and technology development have been central to the phenomenal material advancement and efficiency in the use of resources seen in the last hundred years. The pace of change has only accelerated in the last few decades, as globalization and new technology have enhanced people’s access to knowledge and their ability to leverage it through collaboration. India has benefited from this epochal transformation by embracing these trends. Since technological changes typically emanate from established structures, they may at times re-inforce them and inhibit the advancement of equity and equality. As India seeks a sustained growth of its national income, we must endeavour to harness the tools of science to cater to the needs of the underprivileged and to bridge the gap between the haves and the have-nots. Nearly 65 percent of our people live in rural areas. The increase in their living standards depends greatly on the growth of agricultural production and productivity. The Twelfth Five Year Plan assumes that a sustained growth of our agriculture at the rate of 4 percent per annum is essential for the achievement of food security for our country. This growth is constrained by shortages of water and also of land. We need new breakthroughs in water-saving technologies of cultivation, enhancement of land productivity and development of climate-resilient varieties. This transformation of agriculture must be the top priority concern of our public policies, including science and…
Agriculture is the science and industry of managing the growth of plants and animals for make food for human as a food. In general, agriculture includes soil cultivation, growing and harvesting crops, rising and breeding livestock, dairy and forestry. There are many important sectors in the world and especially agriculture beside the other related sectors. It is very important for both physical and economical health. However, more than 60 percent of the world's population lives in rural areas. Many worldwide organizations are attempting to help these rural families by increasing their agricultural outputs and find ways to raise the productivity. However, this report will discuss the problem of low agricultural productivity and the world challenge, the main natural-human causes of decline in agricultural productivity including lack of water resources, the harmful effects of decline in agricultural productivity and the effects in our environment, and the ways that can improve and support the productivity in agriculture.…