Protein Synthesis Lab Report

Bita Heydari
Lab report 3

The Effects of Differentiation on Enzymatic Activity

Introduction
HL-60 cells are capable of undergoing differentiation to induce different cell types. HL-60 cells can undergo morphological changes, changes in gene expression, and changes in protein synthesis. In the past weeks, we were able to conclude that HL-60 cells treated with DMSO and HL-60 cells treated with PMA will differentiate into granulocytes and monocytes upon treatment (1). We were also able to observe that both types of treated cells will express the beta-actin gene because it is a housekeeping gene. However, only HL-60 cells treated with PMA will express the MMP-9 gene by their RNA. The purpose of this lab is to view the effects of differentiation on protein synthesis in PMA and DMSO treated cells, as well as in untreated cells. This is done using a Zymography Electrophoresis gel.
During Macrophages movement within the cell, they produce MMP, which is crucial to their funcyionvbecause MMP generate a path through the matrix. Macrophages consume harmful pathogens and foreign material. Since MMP-9 are produced by HL-60 cells that differentiate into monocytes, this molecule can act on gelatin ad collagen and etc. This is why Gel Electrophoresis is used as a substrate. Gel Electrophoresis separates molecules based on their size and charge. Zymogram is because proteins are extremely small DNA molecules and it can generate a better resolution of the