The Mt Keira rainforest is located in Wollongong, New South Wales in Australia. The Mt Keira rainforest is what we call a subtropical rainforest. There are four types of rainforest: Tropical, subtropical, warm-temperate and cool-temperate. Tropical rainforests have generally have a warmer climate than subtropical rainforests. Warm-temperate rainforest are slightly cooler than subtropical rainforests, and cool-temperate rainforests have very cool climates, i.e. Canada.
Here is a table of some of the main differences in all the types of rainforests: | Tropical | Subtropical | Warm-temperate | Cool-temperate | Layers of trees | 3 or More | 3 More | 2 | 2 | Highest tree height | 30m or more | 30m or more | Smaller than 30m | Smaller than 30m | General size of leaves | Leaves usually 13cm or bigger | A variety in sizes | Mostly leaves under 8cm | Mostly leaves under 8cm | Diversity of tree species | Many different types | Many different types | One to a couple of species | Only one specie | Types of vines | Only thick vines | Only thick vines | Mostly small vines | Only small vines | Palm trees? | Yes | Yes | No | No | Smooth barked trees with lichens? | Yes | Yes | No | No |
Mt Keira has an open forest at the top of the mountain, and a rainforest on the bottom. So what is the difference? First of all, a rainforest always has more water. On Mt Keira, the rainfall hits the top of the mountain and most of it drains down the slope to the rainforest.
As a result of this, the soil in the open forest is soft, slightly damp and thick. However, the soil in the rainforest is clay-like, crumbly and damp.
Due to the lack of water in open forests, there is less vegetation, and there is limited foliage cover (the amount of vegetation that is above your head). In a rainforest, there is a substantial amount of vegetation, and there is a very large amount of foliage cover.
The three things that differentiate a rainforest from an