Preview

reasons for the victory of the Bolsheviks in the Russian Civil War

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
898 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
reasons for the victory of the Bolsheviks in the Russian Civil War
Assess the reasons for the victory of the Bolsheviks
(red army) in the Russian civil war.

The Russian Civil War went for the duration of three years, and took place between 1918 and 1921. The Russian Civil War occurred after November 19 when many groups had formed that opposed Lenin’s Bolsheviks. These groups were known as monarchists, militarists, and foreign nations. They were known as the whites, and the Bolsheviks were known as the reds.
The fact that the reds were led by both Trotsky and Lenin, who combined had great social, political and military skills, had a direct result on the on the outcome of the war. It was Lenin’s political skills that enabled the Bolsheviks to be a successful and popular political power and, as a result, help win the Russian Civil War. It was Lenin’s promises’ of “Peace, Bread, Land” and “All power to the Soviets” that enabled the Bolsheviks to gain the support of the working-class people. These popular ideas united all the diverse revolutionary movements and directed them towards a common goal – the end to imperialism and the creation of a socialist based society.
The peasants support for the Bolsheviks was not only a result of Lenin’s political savoir faire but also a result of the Whites political and social incompetence. The Whites treated the peasant class harshly; they did not see the advantage of gaining the support of the lower class. Their acceptance of allied support, allowed the Bolsheviks to portray themselves as patriotic, fighting for the rights and desires of society.
The Red Army was fighting with a new sense of patriotism, and support for the Bolsheviks’ increased. Peasant support for the Bolshevik regime was a valuable and essential factor in their success for the Bolshevik regime in the Russian Civil War. The support of the peasants meant that the Bolsheviks had a constant supply of eager soldiers wanting to fight for the socialist cause.
Lenin introduced clever political policies to not only gain support

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    The most important individual in bringing about the change in influence is Vladimir Lenin, who brought about a sudden sharp rise in the party’s popularity. Following the 1917 October Revolution, Lenin became the leader of the Communist Party and greatly increased the party’s political influence with his ‘one party state’. Lenin’s creation of the Politburo in 1919, which was a group of eight high profile party members who influenced any decision being made, demonstrates the party’s increased political influence by showing their domination of governmental bodies. Public support of the party is obvious in the increase of RCP membership, March 1919 to March 1920, from 250,000 to 612,000. This may have been due mainly to Lenin retaining his power through the 1918 civil war. In 1921, Lenin introduced his New Economic Policy, aimed at gaining peace with the peasant class, which resulted in the ending of armed resistance to the communists. This support increased the Russian Communist Party’s (RCP) public influence greatly, backed in rural areas as well as urban working class districts. Due to all these factors, Lenin is the most important individual in changing the influence of the Russian communist party between 1905 and 1945.…

    • 680 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Another factor that was responsible for the survival of the Tsarist rule was the reluctance of the Peasantry to support opposition. The Peasants were extremely uneducated and they didn’t understand how these policies could change their lives. The Tsar had been the political power since the 13th century so it was all that they knew. They believed that the Tsar was appointed by god so whatever he did, they believed it was for the best. They were fearful that if they joined an opposition group the Tsar would be able to ‘see’ them and…

    • 824 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Chinese Communism DBQ

    • 537 Words
    • 1 Page

    back all grievances (Doc 6). The communists were also confident and excited with the peasant…

    • 537 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    In 1922, when Vladimir Lenin died, someone needed to step up and the Soviet Union. As he was slowly dying, a power struggle emerged between Leon Trotsky, and Joseph Stalin. Even though Trotsky “had been widely viewed as the heir of Lenin, it was relatively easy for Stalin to combine with the other Bolshevik leaders in order to head off this threat” (Paley 10). In Lenin’s “Final Testament”, Lenin could already see that Stalin was quickly and surreptitiously gaining power. Stalin’s position of General Secretary gave him the ability to appoint people to important positions. Lenin was also reluctant to see Stalin as his successor because he thought that Trotsky could do a much better job. Lenin believed that Trotsky was the best man in the central…

    • 199 Words
    • 1 Page
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    After the October Coup in 1917, the Bolshevik’s power as the government of Russia was not completely solidified. This was mainly due to the vast opposition that the Bolsheviks experienced from all over Russia along with other pressing issues such as food shortages, an exhausting war, and a crippled economy. Yet the Bolsheviks not only survived the early day‘s of empowerment but went on to rule Russia for the next 70 years. This essay will examine the factors that allowed the Bolsheviks to have such a sweeping success in ruling Russia.…

    • 1312 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Throughout this time period the ruling elite, who made up 1.1% of the population despite owning 25% of the land, maintained constant support of the Tsar. This support was based on reliance in the Tsars rule in order to ensure their own aristocracy. The nobles controlled the land Therefore through the nobility’s control of land and as a result the means of production, the Tsar had autocratic power over the majority who worked this land; the peasants, both of state (32.7%) and through the nobility 50.7% as despite the emancipation of serfs in 1861 the lives of these peasants were heavily restricted and reliant on the land owners through the Mir, censorship, tax and redemption payments, of which many could not pay for and so were forced into debt. the peasants themselves, being both restricted in the Mir and due to their traditional attitudes and acceptance of social situation, what Marx would call a lack of revolutionary consciousness, can be attributed to the Tsarist survival.…

    • 2563 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    Russia was torn between the world war and the population was threatened as levels of starvation rose whilst industry fell. The provisional government could not do much to stop Russia plummeting as they did not have much power and the people of Russia failed to support them (1). The citizens of Russia were desperately looking for help and the Bolshevik party, created with the help of Lenin and Trotsky in the year 1917, had the answer. Slowly, they had managed to become one of the most powerful parties ever created, but many factors were to cause the consolidation of power. In this essay I will be comparing the significance of Vladimir Lenin in the Bolshevik consolidation of power with another important factor; Leon Trotsky.…

    • 1843 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    The Russian Communist Party first emerged under the Bolsheviks in 1905 when general strikes were organised in St. Petersburg and Moscow. At this time the Bolsheviks, led by Lenin, were a minority group and increasingly divided from the Mensheviks over pace of reform and ideology. It was due to the Tsar’s ignorance throughout World War One that the Bolshevik saw an inadvertent increase in influence of opposing groups. Although, the Bolsheviks were not in power by 1917 their membership was increasing and it was Lenin’s simple slogans, such as ‘Peace, Bread, Land’ that attracted the Russian population, increasing Bolshevik influence. The fact that the Bolsheviks were the only party to promise an end to the war won the ‘hearts and minds’ of the Russian people, which could be argued that Lenin was the most significant individual in the changing influence of the Russian Communist Party. However, it was both the leadership from Lenin and military organisation from Trotsky that meant the October revolution of 1917 was, to a certain extent, a success. Darby argues that ‘Without [Lenin] it is unlikely that the Bolsheviks would have taken power in October’ whilst Figes claims ‘Trotsky became its principal source of public inspiration’. Post the October revolution, the Bolsheviks were a majority in the second All-Russian Congress of Soviets, proving that they had managed to exert a large amount of influence on the Russian population. After this it is more difficult to assess whether it was certain individuals that played a part in the changing influence of the Russian Communist Party as in the summer of 1918 Lenin set up a one-party state and ended the Constituent Assembly. The introduction of the NEP, in 1921, increased party influence as the peasants were allowed a little capitalism back, ending grain requisitioning and armed resistance in the countryside. It is hard to evaluate…

    • 574 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Nonetheless, with the release of the “April Theses” by Lenin, the Bolsheviks support grew. The “April Theses” pushed what Lenin thought Russia needed most at that time: ‘Peace, Bread and Land.’ This vastly appealed to masses of the lower working class of Russia; they had been exhausting this for years; the mass famine across Russia, the land controversy’s that exploited the peasant populace, which approximately made up 80% of the Russian population, and the continuation of the war, which…

    • 883 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Essay On Tsarist Autocracy

    • 1209 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Due to Nicholas II’s failure to accomplish the citizen’s goals and to negotiate with them, the Russian Revolution began. Peasants struggled…

    • 1209 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The most important reason why the Bolsheviks were able to take over power was the faults and mistakes of the Provisional Government. A key factor was ‘Order No. 1’ which gave the Soviet control over the armed forcesand communications in Petrograd, and stated that the Provisional Government couldn’t pass any laws without the Soviet’s permission. This meant that the Provisional Government were lacking in power and couldn’t govern effectively right from the start which meant that people were dissatisfied. Also the Provisional Government hesitated when it came to important decisions such as the war and the…

    • 713 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    During 1917 the political system of Russia, and the political opinions of its public, began to change. The First World War was deeply taking its toll, with the casualties running into millions, and food shortages were reaching crisis levels across Russia. Presided over by the Provisional Government, who had little support and even less real power, the people of Russia became restless. In October, the animosity between Government and populace came to a head, and a revolution put Lenin’s socialist Bolshevik party in power. This essay will show that, while the Bolshevik party was dedicated and driven in the values they believed in, it was only the seizing of opportunity, and a lot of luck, that they succeeded in taking power.…

    • 1594 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Russian Revolution Causes

    • 687 Words
    • 3 Pages

    By 1917, Russia was chaotic, the government had been thoroughly corrupted, strikes were rampant and all happening at once. The World War I had begun and Russia was having many casualties due to being ill - equipped against industrialized Germany, and amidst the countries it was the one to receive most damage. Due to the german attacks the Russian economy had been falling apart, and such a situation was only useful to the radicals, as they used it as an opportunity to join with the moderates among other forces, in order to overthrow the Czar and achieve their revolutionary goals. As time passed Russia’s situation only deteriorated, demonstrators and protestants took over the streets, the king’s armies killed many of them, but they still continued to attack full force. Then when an army took the protestants side, the tables flipped, Nicholas II, the Czar at the time was forced to abdicate his throne and so freed Russia of over four centuries of Czarist…

    • 687 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The Bolshevik Takeover

    • 592 Words
    • 3 Pages

    In March of 1917 in Russia, The Tsar, Nicholas II had little choice. The Great War (as it was known as at that time) had turned into a disaster, conditions at home were horrible, and the Menshevik government had forced Nicholas to abdicate He did this for himself and his son and gave the power to his brother. His brother gave up the power the next day because the country was in such disarray. After that, the Provisional Government took power. By November of 1917 in Russia, the Provisional Government was in complete collapse. In the meantime, the Bolshevik party, which was helped by German money, had built up an efficient party organisation, had a brilliant propaganda machine, and a powerful private army know as the Red Guards.…

    • 592 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    In fact, Trotski is quoted saying “We have not organised the revolution to kill”(Spartacus). However, there were too many groups trying to destroy the Bolsheviks. This forced Vladimir Lenin to create the “Extraordinary Commission for the Suppression of the Counter-Revolution” also known as the Cheka; A secret police force. While the creation of this group was Lenin’s idea, Trotsky was put in charge, and repeatedly eliminated numerous enemies of the revolution. This was Trotsky’s first step in winning the civil war. When the “Whites” attacked the Bolsheviks and started the Civil War, Lenin appointed Trotsky as the Commissar for War, and President of the Supreme War Council. Thus, Trotsky single handedly was responsible for the Bolsheviks victory in the Civil War after defeating all enemy threats with terror and fulfilling the head leadership roles he was appointed to. Trotsky was extremely valuable to the Bolsheviks due to the fact that without him, they would have lost the Civil War. Without Trotsky, there would have been no one suitable to fill his numerous positions in which he had to make hard decisions that conflicted with his personal morals and mastermind many of the Bolsheviks victories. In addition, the vicious, blunt leader rebuilt the Russian army with the help of the Red Guards and through a recruiting and training process which proved difficult due to the fact that most officers supported the “Whites”. Trotsky was single handedly responsible for increasing the amount of soldiers from 7,000 in March 1918 to 5 million in Sep 1920(Brown, 1990). Without the essential rassemblement of this army, Trotsky would have not had the fire power to order Red Guards to ruthlessly put down the revolt of the Kronstadt sailors in March of…

    • 1557 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays