Regional And Social Variation
REGIONAL AND SOCIAL
VARIATION IN BALI
BY:
I MADE PUTRA WIDIASMARA
1101305047
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT,
FACULTY OF LETTERS AND CULTURES,
UDAYANA UNIVERSITY
2014
1. Introduction
1.1 Background
"The term sociolinguistics is used generally for the study of the relationship between language and society" (Yule, 2006, p.205). Sociolinguistics is a branch of applied linguistics which studies the language in relation to social elements; it is the study of relationships between language and social and cultural elements that influence it (Holmes, 2006). Sociolinguists are generally concerned with the social implications of the use and reception of language. They carry out basic research on language variations, sensitivity, and acquisition among social groups of all types based on social status, age, race, sex, family, friendship units and all kinds of relationships. Sociolinguistics is also concerned with topics such as dialect geography, bilingualism, linguistic interference, social dialectology "including studies of social stratification and minority group speech), language situations "language rivalries, standardization, language as a means for group identification and functional styles", and attitudes toward language (Shuy, 1969, pp 13-22). The goal of this branch of linguistic study is to shed light on linguistic diversity and to describe and model the sociolinguistic, textual and areal factors that affect choice between expressional variants. The effects that these factors have on the development of language as well as empirical and theoretical investigation of language internal change are focused upon here. Linguistic change occurs due to variation within a language or then because of contacts between languages, and very often one has to deal with the combined effect of both of these sources of change.
All languages that we can observe today show variation; what is more, they vary in identical ways, namely regionally and socially. These two parameters, along which
VARIATION IN BALI
BY:
I MADE PUTRA WIDIASMARA
1101305047
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT,
FACULTY OF LETTERS AND CULTURES,
UDAYANA UNIVERSITY
2014
1. Introduction
1.1 Background
"The term sociolinguistics is used generally for the study of the relationship between language and society" (Yule, 2006, p.205). Sociolinguistics is a branch of applied linguistics which studies the language in relation to social elements; it is the study of relationships between language and social and cultural elements that influence it (Holmes, 2006). Sociolinguists are generally concerned with the social implications of the use and reception of language. They carry out basic research on language variations, sensitivity, and acquisition among social groups of all types based on social status, age, race, sex, family, friendship units and all kinds of relationships. Sociolinguistics is also concerned with topics such as dialect geography, bilingualism, linguistic interference, social dialectology "including studies of social stratification and minority group speech), language situations "language rivalries, standardization, language as a means for group identification and functional styles", and attitudes toward language (Shuy, 1969, pp 13-22). The goal of this branch of linguistic study is to shed light on linguistic diversity and to describe and model the sociolinguistic, textual and areal factors that affect choice between expressional variants. The effects that these factors have on the development of language as well as empirical and theoretical investigation of language internal change are focused upon here. Linguistic change occurs due to variation within a language or then because of contacts between languages, and very often one has to deal with the combined effect of both of these sources of change.
All languages that we can observe today show variation; what is more, they vary in identical ways, namely regionally and socially. These two parameters, along which
References: Chambers, J.K & Trudgill, Peter (1980) Dialectology. London: Cambridge University Press Holmes, Janet. (2006). An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. Pearson Longman. Shuy, Roger W. (1967). The Relevance of Sociolinguistics for Language Teaching. Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages, Inc. Wardhaugh, R. 2006. An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. United Kingdom: Blackwell Yule, George. (2006). The Study of Language (3rd edition). New York: Cambridge University