Relationship Between Alcohol And Violence
Final Paper
Kaplan College
SS124
Ms. Cordaro
February 6th, 2013
When investigating the relationship between alcohol and violence I would prefer to use correlational between the alcohol and violence. With correlations it refers to any situation occurring between two random variables. In this case it would consist of alcohol and violence as the two random variables. The correlation is one of the most commonly used research methods a long with being one of the easiest to understand and interpret. Positive correlation seems to occur when you relate alcohol with violence. The more alcohol that someone drinks the higher the chance is of that person becoming violent as well. With correlational research you are able to find whether or not the two variables are related, the other causes however we cannot say anything about whether one. This method does not allow us to come to any conclusions about cause and effect. Because researching relationships between alcoholism and violence might raise an ethical …show more content…
concern, correlational research is used as a first step of the experimentation when other research cannot be conducted due to ethical or practical reasons. Observations, surveys, questionnaires, and archived information are all means of gathering information needed for the study. Along with correlational research I would prefer to use surveying methods. Reason being, many individuals who are caught up in a wicked string of abuse related to alcoholism may not feel comfortable speaking to an individual about their issues. A survey allows them the privacy and anonymity that they might give them the confidence to be honest with their answers. Other issues regarding vulnerability and voluntariness often raise a concern to an Ethics committee.
A person may be vulnerable to an investigators study that they might be coerced into a certain statement or conclusion. Studies involving an addictive depressant and violence need subjects who can rightfully comprehend the consequences of their involvement. For example, if you are doing a survey about the different affects of brands of alcohol, you need to be aware that 1. You will be intoxicated 2. You are still liable for your actions 3. There is an addictive element in alcohol that could impose further addiction. 4. There are obvious health risks while taking when consuming spirits. It is neither wise nor legal to research an individual who cannot comprehend and comply with the suggestions and regulations of the experiment. Competence is needed psychologically, ethically, and legally.
Since having the privilege to drive in the state of California, I have had numerous positive and negative reinforcement situations dealt against me. While I was driving to work one morning, I spotted an individual laying on the side of the road near 32nd St. I immediately pulled over to see if the older woman was okay. Upon helping her to her feet and into my car out of the cold, she had told me a motorist hit her while she was on her morning jog. I instantly called the police and waited for them to arrive. Her injuries were sustained and went home a few days later from the hospital.
The police, elderly woman, her husband, and her family had all thanked me over the course of the week afterwards for being a concerned citizen and stopping to help her. It gave me a great sense of pride and accomplishment knowing I might have just saved that woman’s life. Since then I have always been extremely more alert of the surroundings on the road. It was unfortunate to hear that I was one of dozens of cars who had already passed her. The positive reinforcement was the commendation I received from the family, law enforcement, and the victim. Without thinking about it, I changed my driving habits to benefit both, motorist, cyclist, pedestrian, etc. Not too long ago there was an issue regarding a former police officer slaying others. In one situation, while two police officers were patrolling, they came upon a vehicle similar to the suspect’s vehicle. Without identifying themselves, the officers immediately began shooting up the vehicle injuring both occupants; a mother and daughter newspaper delivery team. To me, that is negative reinforcement. The police blatantly and irresponsibly open fired on these individuals risking their lives and the lives of others around them. The entire public saw this event as negative reinforcement. Americans are going to comply but only because they fear officers will wrongfully take their lives. Events like this only deter the public away from the law enforcement’s goal and allow a further negatively reflected reputation. Cognitive theory, in my opinion, has been the most beneficial to my thinking.
Cognitive theory is defined as a learning theory of psychology that attempts to explain human behavior by understanding the thought processes (Fritscher, 2011). In Proverbs there is a well-known verse: “As a man thinketh in his heart, so he is.” In other words, the idea is that we are determined to a great extent by our thoughts, especially our habitual ones. Changing your thoughts and behavior can make a big difference in your life. To change yourself from an insecure worm to a beautiful monarch butterfly, figuratively speaking is like applying cognitive theory to your own life. We are responsible for our habits, our thoughts, and our routines (Fritscher, 2011). If we are unhappy with anything involved in our life, a minor adjustment with the way you might perceive issues could be the difference between anxiety and a huge smile on your
face. While it is completely normal to feel anxious at times, severe anxiety can potentially cause a problem. With my client, I will need to ask a series of questions suggested by HelpGuide.org (Smith, 2005):
Are you constantly tense, worried, or on edge?
Does your anxiety interfere with your work, school, or family responsibilities?
Are you plagued by fears that you know are irrational, but can’t shake?
Do you believe that something bad will happen if certain things aren’t done a certain way?
Do you avoid everyday situations or activities because they cause you anxiety?
Do you experience sudden, unexpected attacks of heart-pounding panic?
Do you feel like danger and catastrophe are around every corner?
These questions will allow me to better pinpoint my client’s severity. While the appearance of anxiety can differ from person to person, there are emotional signs I can watch out for such as; depression, irritability, restlessness, watching for others, jumpy, etc. For treatment, one needs to identify the issue involving the anxiety. Is the anxiety caused from generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, phobia, social anxiety disorder, and/or Post-traumatic stress disorder? Cognitive-behavioral therapy focuses on thoughts in addition to behaviors. In anxiety disorder treatment, cognitive-behavioral therapy helps you identify and challenge the negative thinking patterns and irrational beliefs that fuel your anxiety (Katz, 2005). Exposure therapy for anxiety disorder treatment encourages you to confront your fears in a safe, controlled environment. Through repeated exposures to the feared object or situation, either in your imagination or in reality, you gain a greater sense of control. As you face your fear without being harmed, your anxiety gradually disappears.
References
Fritscher, L. (2011, April 02). About.com. Retrieved from http://phobias.about.com/od/glossary/g/cognitivethedef.htm
Katz, M. (2005). Anxiety and panic disorders health center. Retrieved from http://www.webmd.com/anxiety-panic/guide/mental-health-anxiety-disorders
Smith, M (2012, July). Helpguide.org. Retrieved from http://www.helpguide.org/mental/anxiety_types_symptoms_treatment.htm
Kaplan College
SS124
Ms. Cordaro
February 6th, 2013
When investigating the relationship between alcohol and violence I would prefer to use correlational between the alcohol and violence. With correlations it refers to any situation occurring between two random variables. In this case it would consist of alcohol and violence as the two random variables. The correlation is one of the most commonly used research methods a long with being one of the easiest to understand and interpret. Positive correlation seems to occur when you relate alcohol with violence. The more alcohol that someone drinks the higher the chance is of that person becoming violent as well. With correlational research you are able to find whether or not the two variables are related, the other causes however we cannot say anything about whether one. This method does not allow us to come to any conclusions about cause and effect. Because researching relationships between alcoholism and violence might raise an ethical …show more content…
concern, correlational research is used as a first step of the experimentation when other research cannot be conducted due to ethical or practical reasons. Observations, surveys, questionnaires, and archived information are all means of gathering information needed for the study. Along with correlational research I would prefer to use surveying methods. Reason being, many individuals who are caught up in a wicked string of abuse related to alcoholism may not feel comfortable speaking to an individual about their issues. A survey allows them the privacy and anonymity that they might give them the confidence to be honest with their answers. Other issues regarding vulnerability and voluntariness often raise a concern to an Ethics committee.
A person may be vulnerable to an investigators study that they might be coerced into a certain statement or conclusion. Studies involving an addictive depressant and violence need subjects who can rightfully comprehend the consequences of their involvement. For example, if you are doing a survey about the different affects of brands of alcohol, you need to be aware that 1. You will be intoxicated 2. You are still liable for your actions 3. There is an addictive element in alcohol that could impose further addiction. 4. There are obvious health risks while taking when consuming spirits. It is neither wise nor legal to research an individual who cannot comprehend and comply with the suggestions and regulations of the experiment. Competence is needed psychologically, ethically, and legally.
Since having the privilege to drive in the state of California, I have had numerous positive and negative reinforcement situations dealt against me. While I was driving to work one morning, I spotted an individual laying on the side of the road near 32nd St. I immediately pulled over to see if the older woman was okay. Upon helping her to her feet and into my car out of the cold, she had told me a motorist hit her while she was on her morning jog. I instantly called the police and waited for them to arrive. Her injuries were sustained and went home a few days later from the hospital.
The police, elderly woman, her husband, and her family had all thanked me over the course of the week afterwards for being a concerned citizen and stopping to help her. It gave me a great sense of pride and accomplishment knowing I might have just saved that woman’s life. Since then I have always been extremely more alert of the surroundings on the road. It was unfortunate to hear that I was one of dozens of cars who had already passed her. The positive reinforcement was the commendation I received from the family, law enforcement, and the victim. Without thinking about it, I changed my driving habits to benefit both, motorist, cyclist, pedestrian, etc. Not too long ago there was an issue regarding a former police officer slaying others. In one situation, while two police officers were patrolling, they came upon a vehicle similar to the suspect’s vehicle. Without identifying themselves, the officers immediately began shooting up the vehicle injuring both occupants; a mother and daughter newspaper delivery team. To me, that is negative reinforcement. The police blatantly and irresponsibly open fired on these individuals risking their lives and the lives of others around them. The entire public saw this event as negative reinforcement. Americans are going to comply but only because they fear officers will wrongfully take their lives. Events like this only deter the public away from the law enforcement’s goal and allow a further negatively reflected reputation. Cognitive theory, in my opinion, has been the most beneficial to my thinking.
Cognitive theory is defined as a learning theory of psychology that attempts to explain human behavior by understanding the thought processes (Fritscher, 2011). In Proverbs there is a well-known verse: “As a man thinketh in his heart, so he is.” In other words, the idea is that we are determined to a great extent by our thoughts, especially our habitual ones. Changing your thoughts and behavior can make a big difference in your life. To change yourself from an insecure worm to a beautiful monarch butterfly, figuratively speaking is like applying cognitive theory to your own life. We are responsible for our habits, our thoughts, and our routines (Fritscher, 2011). If we are unhappy with anything involved in our life, a minor adjustment with the way you might perceive issues could be the difference between anxiety and a huge smile on your
face. While it is completely normal to feel anxious at times, severe anxiety can potentially cause a problem. With my client, I will need to ask a series of questions suggested by HelpGuide.org (Smith, 2005):
Are you constantly tense, worried, or on edge?
Does your anxiety interfere with your work, school, or family responsibilities?
Are you plagued by fears that you know are irrational, but can’t shake?
Do you believe that something bad will happen if certain things aren’t done a certain way?
Do you avoid everyday situations or activities because they cause you anxiety?
Do you experience sudden, unexpected attacks of heart-pounding panic?
Do you feel like danger and catastrophe are around every corner?
These questions will allow me to better pinpoint my client’s severity. While the appearance of anxiety can differ from person to person, there are emotional signs I can watch out for such as; depression, irritability, restlessness, watching for others, jumpy, etc. For treatment, one needs to identify the issue involving the anxiety. Is the anxiety caused from generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, phobia, social anxiety disorder, and/or Post-traumatic stress disorder? Cognitive-behavioral therapy focuses on thoughts in addition to behaviors. In anxiety disorder treatment, cognitive-behavioral therapy helps you identify and challenge the negative thinking patterns and irrational beliefs that fuel your anxiety (Katz, 2005). Exposure therapy for anxiety disorder treatment encourages you to confront your fears in a safe, controlled environment. Through repeated exposures to the feared object or situation, either in your imagination or in reality, you gain a greater sense of control. As you face your fear without being harmed, your anxiety gradually disappears.
References
Fritscher, L. (2011, April 02). About.com. Retrieved from http://phobias.about.com/od/glossary/g/cognitivethedef.htm
Katz, M. (2005). Anxiety and panic disorders health center. Retrieved from http://www.webmd.com/anxiety-panic/guide/mental-health-anxiety-disorders
Smith, M (2012, July). Helpguide.org. Retrieved from http://www.helpguide.org/mental/anxiety_types_symptoms_treatment.htm