Research Paper
FEASIBILITY OF CHARCOAL AND USED ENGINE OIL AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO WHITEBOARD MARKER INK
In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements in Research
To be submitted to:
Mr. Carlito B. Rosales
Mr. Dave Lorenz A. Francisco
Submitted By:
CORPUS, Christine Jolene B.
HAEL, Kristelle Faith M.
MACHATE, Cyril John J.
SHIRAI, Trixia Ayumi G.
VIRLY, Blanche Meryll C.
IV - D
(January 2013)
CHAPTER I
Introduction
I. Background of the Study
Charcoal
The black porous residue obtained by the destructive distillation of animal or vegetable matter in a limited supply of air. The basic atomic structure of the char is independent of the precursor, although the larger scale morphology may differ. It is important not to confuse charcoal with other forms of impure non-crystalline carbon such as coke and soot. Although coke, like charcoal, is produced by solid-phase pyrolysis (usually of bituminous coal), it is distinguished from charcoal in that a fluid phase is formed during carbonisation.
Used Engine Oil
Motor oil or engine oil is an oil used for lubrication of various internal combustion engines. The main function is to lubricate moving parts; it also cleans, inhibits corrosion, improves sealing, and cools the engine by carrying heat away from moving parts.
Xylene
Xylene is an aromatic hydrocarbon existing in three isomeric forms, all three being colourless flammable volatile liquids used as solvents and in the manufacture of synthetic resins, dyes, and insecticides; dimethylbenzene. It has a formula of C6H4(CH3)2 and is also called xylol.
II. Hypotheses
Alternative Hypotheses:
1. Charcoal will be effective as a pigment for the white board marker.
2. Used engine oil will be effective as an alternative for petroleum as a solvent for the white board marker.
Null Hypotheses:
1. Charcoal will not be effective as a pigment for the white board marker.
2. Used engine oil will not be effective as an alternative for petroleum as a solvent for the
In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements in Research
To be submitted to:
Mr. Carlito B. Rosales
Mr. Dave Lorenz A. Francisco
Submitted By:
CORPUS, Christine Jolene B.
HAEL, Kristelle Faith M.
MACHATE, Cyril John J.
SHIRAI, Trixia Ayumi G.
VIRLY, Blanche Meryll C.
IV - D
(January 2013)
CHAPTER I
Introduction
I. Background of the Study
Charcoal
The black porous residue obtained by the destructive distillation of animal or vegetable matter in a limited supply of air. The basic atomic structure of the char is independent of the precursor, although the larger scale morphology may differ. It is important not to confuse charcoal with other forms of impure non-crystalline carbon such as coke and soot. Although coke, like charcoal, is produced by solid-phase pyrolysis (usually of bituminous coal), it is distinguished from charcoal in that a fluid phase is formed during carbonisation.
Used Engine Oil
Motor oil or engine oil is an oil used for lubrication of various internal combustion engines. The main function is to lubricate moving parts; it also cleans, inhibits corrosion, improves sealing, and cools the engine by carrying heat away from moving parts.
Xylene
Xylene is an aromatic hydrocarbon existing in three isomeric forms, all three being colourless flammable volatile liquids used as solvents and in the manufacture of synthetic resins, dyes, and insecticides; dimethylbenzene. It has a formula of C6H4(CH3)2 and is also called xylol.
II. Hypotheses
Alternative Hypotheses:
1. Charcoal will be effective as a pigment for the white board marker.
2. Used engine oil will be effective as an alternative for petroleum as a solvent for the white board marker.
Null Hypotheses:
1. Charcoal will not be effective as a pigment for the white board marker.
2. Used engine oil will not be effective as an alternative for petroleum as a solvent for the
References: 1. http://www.napoleongrills.com/faq/charcoa-definition/ 2. http://www.musketeer.ch/blackpowder/charcoal.html 3. 2003, Stopford, Woodhall; Solvent Exposure during use of Solvent-Based Whiteboard Markers (http://duketox.mc.duke.edu/mibkmarkerstudy.pdf) 4. http://www.google.com/patents/US6846122 5. http://whiteboardmarkers.blogspot.com/ 6. http://region3.dost.gov.ph/index.php 7. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Engine+oil 8. (http://www.personal.rdg.ac.uk/~scsharip/Charcoal.htm) 9. (http://www.valvoline.com.au/pdf/Essential%20Guide%20to%20Motor%20Oil%20Brochure%20FINAL.pdf) 10. (http://www.thefreedictionary.com/xylene)