Review on Airline Reservation Systems
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 INTRODUCTION IA Web International defines a computer reservations system (or central reservation system) (CRS) as a computerized system used to store and retrieve information and conduct transactions related to air travel. Originally designed and operated by airlines, CRSes were later extended for the use of travel agencies. Major CRS operations that book and sell tickets for multiple airlines are known as global distribution systems (GDS). Airlines have divested most of their direct holdings to dedicated GDS companies, who make their systems accessible to consumers through Internet gateways. Modern GDSes typically allow users to book hotel rooms and rental cars as well as airline tickets. They also provide access to railway reservations and bus reservations in some markets although these are not always integrated with the main system (Samipatra, 2003). This paper will seek to thoroughly cover reviews on the topic of automated airline reservation systems.
2. HISTORY OF COMPUTER RESERVATION SYSTEMS In 1946, American Airlines installed the first automated booking system, the experimental electromechanical Reservisor. A newer machine with temporary storage based on a magnetic drum, the Magnetronic Reservisor, soon followed. This system proved successful, and was soon being used by several airlines, as well as Sheraton Hotels and Goodyear for inventory control. It was seriously hampered by the need for local human operators to do the actual lookups; ticketing agents would have to call a booking office, whose operators would direct a small team operating the Reservisor and then read the results over the telephone. There was no way for agents to directly query the system.common law, while civil law jurisdictions refer instead to immovable property (Winston, 1995). In 1953, Trans-Canada Airlines (TCA) started investigating a computer-based system with remote terminals, testing one design
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 INTRODUCTION IA Web International defines a computer reservations system (or central reservation system) (CRS) as a computerized system used to store and retrieve information and conduct transactions related to air travel. Originally designed and operated by airlines, CRSes were later extended for the use of travel agencies. Major CRS operations that book and sell tickets for multiple airlines are known as global distribution systems (GDS). Airlines have divested most of their direct holdings to dedicated GDS companies, who make their systems accessible to consumers through Internet gateways. Modern GDSes typically allow users to book hotel rooms and rental cars as well as airline tickets. They also provide access to railway reservations and bus reservations in some markets although these are not always integrated with the main system (Samipatra, 2003). This paper will seek to thoroughly cover reviews on the topic of automated airline reservation systems.
2. HISTORY OF COMPUTER RESERVATION SYSTEMS In 1946, American Airlines installed the first automated booking system, the experimental electromechanical Reservisor. A newer machine with temporary storage based on a magnetic drum, the Magnetronic Reservisor, soon followed. This system proved successful, and was soon being used by several airlines, as well as Sheraton Hotels and Goodyear for inventory control. It was seriously hampered by the need for local human operators to do the actual lookups; ticketing agents would have to call a booking office, whose operators would direct a small team operating the Reservisor and then read the results over the telephone. There was no way for agents to directly query the system.common law, while civil law jurisdictions refer instead to immovable property (Winston, 1995). In 1953, Trans-Canada Airlines (TCA) started investigating a computer-based system with remote terminals, testing one design
References: Das, Samipatra. "Global Distribution Systems in Present Times," Hospitality.net, 30 September 2003 http://www.iaweb.net/global-distribution-systems/central-reservation-system.html Winston, Clifford, "The Evolution of the Airline Industry", Brookings Institution Press, 1995. ISBN 081575843X. Cf. p. 61-62, Computer Reservation Systems. Wardell, David J, "Airline Reservation Systems", 1991. Research paper. Strauss, Michael (2010): Value Creation in Travel Distribution, http://www.amazon.com/dp/0557612462 Das, Samipatra. "Global Distribution Systems in Present Times," Hospitality.net, 30 September 2003 Hasbrouck, Edward. The Practical Nomad: "What 's in a Passenger Name Record (PNR)?", 10 January 2009 Hospitality.net: Galileo International Tells USDOT: Modified Computer Reservation System (CRS) Rules Necessary to Protect Consumers and Competition, 18 March 2003 Consumer Web Watch: Computer Reservations System (CRSs) and Travel Technology . June 6 2002: Retrieved from http://www.consumerwebwatch.org/dynamic/travel-report-internet-travel-industry.cfm#technology