A literature review is written in the style of an expository essay; it comprises an introduction, body and conclusion, and it is organized around a controlling idea or thesis. An annotated bibliography is simply an alphabetized list of sources accompanied by comments. Moreover, while a single source appears just once in an annotated bibliography, it may be referred to numerous times in a literature review, depending upon its importance in the field or relationship to other sources. Finally, a literature review includes its own intext citations and bibliography or works cited list.
How is a literature review different from a traditional research paper?
A literature review may stand alone and be assigned or published as a discrete entity. Or it may constitute one section of a larger research paper or one chapter—usually the first—of a thesis. Whereas the main body of a research paper focuses on the subject of your research, the literature review focuses on your sources. Put another way, in the research paper you use expert sources to support the discussion of your thesis; in a literature review, you discuss the sources themselves.
How is a literature review structured?
Like any expository essay, a literature review should have an introduction, body, and conclusion.
The introduction should contain your research question, an explanation of its significance, and any other background information setting the context of your research.
The body paragraphs contain your summative, comparative, and evaluative comments on the sources you've found. These comments may pertain to
1. historical background & early research findings
2. recent developments
3. areas of controversy among experts
4. areas of agreement
5. dominant views or leading authorities
6. varying approaches to or perspectives on the subject
7. qualitative comparisons and evaluations
8. etc.
The conclusion summarizes major