Rosalind Franklin And The Diffraction Pattern Of DNA
1. Rosalind Franklin's discovered that DNA contains nitrogenous bases the principle of base pairing the X-ray diffraction pattern of DNA, which helped uncover its double helix structure how to sequence DNA molecules the bonding energy of DNA molecules
2. Which of the following carries amino acids to ribosomes, where amino acids are linked into the primary structure of a polypeptide? mRNA tRNA hnRNA rRNA all of these
3. The nitrogenous base found in RNA but not in DNA is adenine cytosine guanine uracil thymine
4. Transcription occurs on the surface of the ribosome is the final process in the assembly of a protein is the synthesis of any type of RNA from a DNA template …show more content…
is catalyzed by DNA polymerase all of these
5. Regulatory proteins can exert their effects before transcription during transcription after transcription during translation all of these
6. Genes located in different regions of the body during embryonic development may be turned on and off never turned on turned on and left on activated for only a short time in one cell and a long time in another cell all of these
7. A repressor protein binds with messenger RNA the operator the regulator a product a substrate
8. Transcription produces which of the following? DNA protein or polypeptide sequences RNA enzymes genetic defects
9. Chromatids that are attached at the centromere are called what kind of chromatids? mother daughter preprogrammed sister either mother or daughter, but neither sister nor preprogrammed
10. DNA is replicated during anaphase metaphase interphase prophase telophase
11. The chromosomes have arrived at opposite poles and begin to decondense during anaphase metaphase interphase prophase telophase
12. The essence of meiosis is that Cells are formed that receive one member of each pair of homologous chromosomes. Cells are formed that receive two members of each pair of homologous chromosomes. None of these
13. The chromosomal DNA is duplicated in ____ of meiosis. prophase I metaphase I interphase prophase II anaphase II
14. A pine tree is called a sporophyte because it develops from a spore produces spores is haploid can reproduce sexually and asexually cannot undergo meiosis
15. Various forms of a gene at a given locus are called chiasmata alleles autosomes loci chromatids
16. According to Mendel, what kind of genes "disappear" in F1 pea plants? sex-linked dominant recessive codominant lethal
17. Mendel's principle of independent assortment states that One allele is always dominant to another. Hereditary units from the male and female parents are blended in the offspring. The two hereditary units that influence a certain trait segregate during gamete formation. A hereditary unit for a trait is inherited separately from other hereditary units. All of these.
18. Sex chromosomes determine sex vary from one sex to another carry some genes that have nothing to do with sex were unknown to Mendel all of these
19. Which of the following designates a normal human female? XXY XY XX XYY XO
20. If a daughter expresses an X-linked recessive gene, she inherited the trait from her mother her father both parents neither parent her grandmother
21. Crossing over is an exchange of chromosome segments between non-sister homologous chromatids is visualized in chiasmata is a source of genetic variation leads to a reciprocal exchange of equivalent DNA bewteen a maternal and paternal chromosome all of these
22.
Small circular molecules of DNA in bacteria are called plasmids desmids pili F particles transferrins
23. The Polymerase Chain Reaction is a technique used to rapidly increase the number of copies of specific DNA regions is commonly reffered to as PCR uses primers and a specialized DNA polymerase can be used to identify suspects at a crime scene all of these
24. Gene therapy is standard gene therapy for cancer is a surgical technique that separates chromosomes that have failed to segregate properly during meiosis II. has been used successfully to treat victims of Huntington disorder by removing the dominant damaging autosomal allele and replacing it with a harmless one offers the possibility of replacing mutated genes with normal ones all of these
25. A cell's complete complement of DNA is called its genome proteome chromosome gametes locus
26. If an organism was denoted as 5n, this would tell us that it has 5 different chromosomes it is diploid It's cells contain 5 matched sets of chromosomes it is haploid
27. Human somatic cells
contain
I. 23 chromosomes
II. 46 chromosomes
III. 23 two-matched sets of chromosomes
IV. 46 two-matched sets of chromosomes II only II and III only I and IV only I only III only
28. The cell cycle has two major phases: _________ and _________ (mitosis) metaphase, anaphase anaphase, telophase prophase, metaphase interphase, mitotic phase prophase, telophase
29. Interphase is composed of M, G1, and S G1, S and G2 M and G1 S and G2 M and G2
30. What is the correct order of the stages in mitosis (from earliest to latest)? anaphase, metaphase, prometaphase, prophase, telophase prophase, metaphase, prometaphase, anaphase, telophase prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase telophase, anaphase, metaphase, prometaphase, prophase
31. Which of the following are characteristics of cells in G0? Cells are not actively preparing to divide. Cells have exited the cell cycle Cells are in a quiescent stage. Some cells enter G0 temporarily. All of these
32. Which of the following are correctly matched?
I. G2 checkpoint - monitors correct passage through metaphase
II. G1 checkpoint - monitors cell size and checks for DNA damage
III. G1 checkpoint - monitors whether a cell is in G0
IV. G2 checkpoint - monitors complete replication of chromosomes
V. M checkpoint - monitors correct attachment of spindle machinery to chromatids IV only II, IV and V I, III and V II and IV only V only
33. Cancer is a term that refers to many different diseases. True False
34. Tumor suppressor genes are positive cell-cycle regulators while proto-oncogenes are negative cell cycle regulators. True False
35. p53 is a tumor suppressor gene that triggers repair mechanisms when DNA is damaged triggers repair mechanisms when DNA is damaged and can signal apoptosis prevents apoptosis can signal apoptosis
36. A phenotype is an observable trait in an organism while a genotype is its underlying genetic makeup. True False
37. In some varieties of corn, a purple kernel color is dominant to a yellow kernel color. You have an ear of purple corn and would like to find out if it is homozygous dominant (PP) or heterozygous (Pp). To do this, you carry out a ______ cross between your purple corn and ___________ . backcross, an ear of yellow corn testcross, an ear of yellow corn testcross, an ear of purple corn backcross, an ear of purple corn
38. In gel electrophoresis DNA fragments are separated by charge shape and charge fluorescence and pH size and charge
39. Restriction enzymes
I. are the same as plasmids
II. can be called restriction endonucleases
III. recognize specific DNA sequences
IV. in nature defend bacteria from foreign DNA (like viruses)
V. recognize sequences that cannot be read forward and backward II and IV only I, III and V II, III and IV III and V only All of these
40. One of the applications of genetic engineering is the production of vaccines. True False
2. Which of the following carries amino acids to ribosomes, where amino acids are linked into the primary structure of a polypeptide? mRNA tRNA hnRNA rRNA all of these
3. The nitrogenous base found in RNA but not in DNA is adenine cytosine guanine uracil thymine
4. Transcription occurs on the surface of the ribosome is the final process in the assembly of a protein is the synthesis of any type of RNA from a DNA template …show more content…
is catalyzed by DNA polymerase all of these
5. Regulatory proteins can exert their effects before transcription during transcription after transcription during translation all of these
6. Genes located in different regions of the body during embryonic development may be turned on and off never turned on turned on and left on activated for only a short time in one cell and a long time in another cell all of these
7. A repressor protein binds with messenger RNA the operator the regulator a product a substrate
8. Transcription produces which of the following? DNA protein or polypeptide sequences RNA enzymes genetic defects
9. Chromatids that are attached at the centromere are called what kind of chromatids? mother daughter preprogrammed sister either mother or daughter, but neither sister nor preprogrammed
10. DNA is replicated during anaphase metaphase interphase prophase telophase
11. The chromosomes have arrived at opposite poles and begin to decondense during anaphase metaphase interphase prophase telophase
12. The essence of meiosis is that Cells are formed that receive one member of each pair of homologous chromosomes. Cells are formed that receive two members of each pair of homologous chromosomes. None of these
13. The chromosomal DNA is duplicated in ____ of meiosis. prophase I metaphase I interphase prophase II anaphase II
14. A pine tree is called a sporophyte because it develops from a spore produces spores is haploid can reproduce sexually and asexually cannot undergo meiosis
15. Various forms of a gene at a given locus are called chiasmata alleles autosomes loci chromatids
16. According to Mendel, what kind of genes "disappear" in F1 pea plants? sex-linked dominant recessive codominant lethal
17. Mendel's principle of independent assortment states that One allele is always dominant to another. Hereditary units from the male and female parents are blended in the offspring. The two hereditary units that influence a certain trait segregate during gamete formation. A hereditary unit for a trait is inherited separately from other hereditary units. All of these.
18. Sex chromosomes determine sex vary from one sex to another carry some genes that have nothing to do with sex were unknown to Mendel all of these
19. Which of the following designates a normal human female? XXY XY XX XYY XO
20. If a daughter expresses an X-linked recessive gene, she inherited the trait from her mother her father both parents neither parent her grandmother
21. Crossing over is an exchange of chromosome segments between non-sister homologous chromatids is visualized in chiasmata is a source of genetic variation leads to a reciprocal exchange of equivalent DNA bewteen a maternal and paternal chromosome all of these
22.
Small circular molecules of DNA in bacteria are called plasmids desmids pili F particles transferrins
23. The Polymerase Chain Reaction is a technique used to rapidly increase the number of copies of specific DNA regions is commonly reffered to as PCR uses primers and a specialized DNA polymerase can be used to identify suspects at a crime scene all of these
24. Gene therapy is standard gene therapy for cancer is a surgical technique that separates chromosomes that have failed to segregate properly during meiosis II. has been used successfully to treat victims of Huntington disorder by removing the dominant damaging autosomal allele and replacing it with a harmless one offers the possibility of replacing mutated genes with normal ones all of these
25. A cell's complete complement of DNA is called its genome proteome chromosome gametes locus
26. If an organism was denoted as 5n, this would tell us that it has 5 different chromosomes it is diploid It's cells contain 5 matched sets of chromosomes it is haploid
27. Human somatic cells
contain
I. 23 chromosomes
II. 46 chromosomes
III. 23 two-matched sets of chromosomes
IV. 46 two-matched sets of chromosomes II only II and III only I and IV only I only III only
28. The cell cycle has two major phases: _________ and _________ (mitosis) metaphase, anaphase anaphase, telophase prophase, metaphase interphase, mitotic phase prophase, telophase
29. Interphase is composed of M, G1, and S G1, S and G2 M and G1 S and G2 M and G2
30. What is the correct order of the stages in mitosis (from earliest to latest)? anaphase, metaphase, prometaphase, prophase, telophase prophase, metaphase, prometaphase, anaphase, telophase prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase telophase, anaphase, metaphase, prometaphase, prophase
31. Which of the following are characteristics of cells in G0? Cells are not actively preparing to divide. Cells have exited the cell cycle Cells are in a quiescent stage. Some cells enter G0 temporarily. All of these
32. Which of the following are correctly matched?
I. G2 checkpoint - monitors correct passage through metaphase
II. G1 checkpoint - monitors cell size and checks for DNA damage
III. G1 checkpoint - monitors whether a cell is in G0
IV. G2 checkpoint - monitors complete replication of chromosomes
V. M checkpoint - monitors correct attachment of spindle machinery to chromatids IV only II, IV and V I, III and V II and IV only V only
33. Cancer is a term that refers to many different diseases. True False
34. Tumor suppressor genes are positive cell-cycle regulators while proto-oncogenes are negative cell cycle regulators. True False
35. p53 is a tumor suppressor gene that triggers repair mechanisms when DNA is damaged triggers repair mechanisms when DNA is damaged and can signal apoptosis prevents apoptosis can signal apoptosis
36. A phenotype is an observable trait in an organism while a genotype is its underlying genetic makeup. True False
37. In some varieties of corn, a purple kernel color is dominant to a yellow kernel color. You have an ear of purple corn and would like to find out if it is homozygous dominant (PP) or heterozygous (Pp). To do this, you carry out a ______ cross between your purple corn and ___________ . backcross, an ear of yellow corn testcross, an ear of yellow corn testcross, an ear of purple corn backcross, an ear of purple corn
38. In gel electrophoresis DNA fragments are separated by charge shape and charge fluorescence and pH size and charge
39. Restriction enzymes
I. are the same as plasmids
II. can be called restriction endonucleases
III. recognize specific DNA sequences
IV. in nature defend bacteria from foreign DNA (like viruses)
V. recognize sequences that cannot be read forward and backward II and IV only I, III and V II, III and IV III and V only All of these
40. One of the applications of genetic engineering is the production of vaccines. True False