David Alfaro Siqueiros was a very famous and influential Mexican artist whose work reflected his political ideologies. David was born on December 29, 1896 in Chihuahua, Mexico to parents Cipriano Alfaro and Teresa Siquieros. Siqueiros was the second of three children, and was raised by his grandparents after his mother had died when he was only four years old. His grandfather, Antonio, who had a military background, had a major impact on his childhood. In 1908 David attended Franco-English College and later, San Carlos Academy, to study art and architecture. During his time there, the Mexican Revolution began and Siqueiros became involved in student strikes, which successfully changed the school’s teaching methods. David joined the Mexican Revolution Army at age 18, leading him to join the Communist Party that worked to challenge Victoriano…
As the Spanish started to settle the colony of New Spain, they needed a large workforce to cater to the ever growing demands of the agricultural environment and general household. The Spanish started to bring Africans to Mexico to fill the labor demand, but in doing so they started to create a new population demographic which would become the majority rather than the minority. Yet, Afro-Mexicans would remain a minority compared to the superior Spanish based on discourses of control and subordination. Africans in Colonial Mexico takes the study of African Diaspora to a new level by examining the creation of the “Afro-Mexican” identity through creolization and community development form those who first came to the colonies to their descendents. Instead of developing an identity through the institution of slavery, Africans built a hybrid identity by incorporating aspects of Spanish culture into their lives. Clear examples, ranging from population demographic to conversions of Christianity, developing communities and cultural shifts demonstrate how Africans worked from within system to create their own identity.…
Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz lived a life without fear regarding the social criticisms of her writing and she wrote to influence change regarding the educational stereotypes made by the men of her era. Sor Juana worked diligently to educate herself continuously throughout her life in order to reach a level of sophistication that no man could contest.…
The piece by Castillo is a personal reflection that offers a peculiar and particular point of view from one person, and that represents how people permeates their surrounding reality, in this case the Mexican Revolution. These kinds of sources are extremely valuable in order to listen to the average voices. Especially in the case of underprivileged groups, such as indigenous populations and women, sometimes this is the only opportunity to grasp intimate daily moments, practices, and customs.…
The old women had injected his thought into his mind, and the newness of it made him uncomfortable. She had even spoken of a father, a home, a family” (21). The author justifies how Father Benito thinks that the people from the Aztec lands could be similar to the people from Spain. He thinks this because Huitzitzilin spoke to him about her having a home, and a family which was very similar to his own life and the life of the spanish people.…
The essay “Our America” by Jose Marti is a magnificent work in which it encourage Latin America to realize that the human being is intelligent, wise and natural that tends to be mortified by the world. The world in this case North America and Europe, in their eagerness to conquer, they completely forget that Latin America is human beings of thought and ideals of our nature. Jose Marti tries to liberate Latin America from the oppression of the conquerors. He encourages to his people to understand that they are not a weak race, that they should be proud of who they are. So, that is why Marti encourages them to know their history and culture so they can rule it without imitating any other culture.…
In Luis Valdez short play “Los Vendidos”, it is clear that there was a stereotyping issue and he demonstrates this symbolically. I have analyzed his symbolic demonstrations on how Mexicans are labeled and looked down on by society.…
Rodriguez’s use of first person narration goes hand in hand with his establishment of ethos within his essay. Ethos is considered the moral element of literature and the credibility of the speaker. The use of ethos often determines whether or not the audience of a piece will trust the thoughts and actions of the speaker. By using pronouns such as “I” and “we,” in reference to both himself and his family, it allows the audience to gain first-hand accounts of a young Hispanic boy in a new American society. Rather than reading statistics of the number of children whose first language is not English and their success in the American education system, or…
In the Cosmic Race written by Jose Vasconcelo, Vasconcelo writes about the definition of Latin American people and their divine mission in America, while also briefly comparing them to other races such as the Europeans. Vasconcelo states that there are 4 racial trunks, the Blacks, the Indians, the Mongols, and the Whites, while expanding detail with the Whites who he described as organizing themselves in Europe, and becoming invaders of the rest of the world. Vasconcelo gives an example as the Spaniards conquered Latin American, however he believes that their role was just to reintegrate the red world, which he describes as a bridge which has brought the world to a state at which all human types and cultures can fuse together. According to Vasconcelo the faithful Latin-people are those called upon to this divine mission after they have gained freedom. It is safe to say Vasconcelo easily inspired and influenced several aspects of Diego Rivera’s artwork. While Mexico was under similar circumstances after the Mexican Revolution as Latin America, Deigo Rivera used some of Jose Vasconcelo’s ideas to impart social and political messages. In Diego Rivera’s “El Hombre en Cruco de Caminos” located in Palacio de Bellas Artes in Mexico City, one can see a man who appears to be in control of the Universe with a variety of people in the backgrounds. At one point Vasconcelo states that every ascending race needs to constitute its own philosophy to get to its own success, rather than just learn and copy from the others. This idea is expressed in Rivera’s Mural by the man in the middle who is controlling what seems to be the entire universe. It seems that both of these men understood the ideathat it was time to control themselves. Although Diego was focused on the “spiritual” liberation of Mexico from its Colonial obsession, the idea of creating and controlling your own ideology and destiny is shared by Rivera’s painting and Vasconcelo’s,…
[ 3 ]. Nathan E. Richardson, Postmodern Paletos: Immigration, Democracy, and Globalization in Spanish Narrative and Film, 1950-2000 (London: Rosemont Publishing, 2002) p. 33-34…
In the story, the author is getting pulled in various directions. Rodriguez wants to stay true to his Mexican culture for his parents' sake claiming they, “...grow distant, apart, no longer speak,” but also wants to belong in American culture where his education has driven him to a position not many Mexicans get to or have to opportunity to be (Rodriguez 105). This story confronts the idea that anyone can succeed as long as they are willing to sacrifice their cultural identity in the process.…
Although I had previously noticed some racial undertones in Mexican culture, I never fully questioned the root of this discrimination. It was far too easy for me to overlook racism in Mexican culture- when racism in America was far more visible. In class, we watched part of a documentary called, “The Black Grandma in the Closet,” from the series Black in Latin America. In the first portion of the film, Professor Gates mentions how Mexico unintentionally transpired “a policy of whitening” through the removal of racial categories. Noting the 1925 publication of Jose Vasconcelos’ essay “The Cosmic Race,” Professor Gates explains how Vasconcelos’ attempt to unite the people of Mexico by establishing one great mixed race ultimately diminished black identity. This revelation was made personal when the Port of Veracruz was stated to be the most widely used port to carry black slaves to Mexico. I say this because half of my family lives in Veracruz and my father spent the majority of his young adult life…
During the colonization of the America’s, Spanish priests burned the culture of the indigenous people both literally and figuratively. By taking their culture and forcing the natives to follow Christian traditions, the oppressors were slowly removing their history. As a result, they became what Paulo Freire in the Pedagogy of the Oppressed defines as ahistorical; they lived like animals, and as animals “they can give no meaning lacking a tomorrow and a today,” (pg 34) Paulo Freire, Pedagogy of the Oppressed. They had been conquered, hence, intermixed by so many people that their history had been lost, and no one was interested in reclaiming it. They had no homeland, no defined roots.…
It was not only the United States and Europe that were touched by Modernism; Latin America was also feeling the effect of this shift in the art world during the beginning of the 20th century. While beginning to achieve some level of independence from its European occupiers, Latin American and its artists were embracing Modernism which fit well with the mixed race cultures of this region. The indigenous peoples of Mexico, for instance, endured a brutal occupation by the Spanish starting in 1521 by Hernán Cortés(1485 - 1547) until the Mexican revolution(1910-1920) after which the indigenous peoples were honored and encourage to become educated. One of the artists discussed in this paper is Diego Rivera(1886-1957) who was a champion of these native peoples. This paper will compare Zapatista Landscape (1915) by Diego Rivera and Three Musicians (1921) by Pablo Picasso(1881-1973).…
Is Sharing Caring? "Building a Culture of Solidarity: Racial Discourse, Black Lives Matter Indigenous Social Justice" by Santos F. Ramos describes his vast experiences with his research and participation of Black Lives Matter movement. Ramos believes that society as a whole neglect to acknowledge the mistreatment of colored people (Ramos 4). He thinks that all minority communities should be united and join in effort. Ramos shares in his article that he hopes for solidarity, or a feeling of unity across different minorities.…