Simon Wiesenthal takes his readers on a course back in time with his writings of The Sunflower. Simon recollects moments when he was subjected to live in Nazi concentration camps during World War II. Karl, a dying SS soldier implores for forgiveness for his crimes against Jews to Simon. Our main character is conflicted by the request and leaves his readers by asking what would one have done being in his position. Proving an answer to this question can be determined by the analysis of Simon’s experiences and findings of experimenters. Philip Zimbardo and Stanley Milgram’s experiments demonstrate the relationship and effects that authority has on subjects. In “The Perils of Obedience”, Milgram applies his analysis of his experiments showing that…
Most people would agree with doing something horrific to another person, since it is easier to conform, than to fight, people tend to protect themselves before protecting a stranger. Stanley Milgram put a study together to prove that Germans are more likely to be obedient to authority then American are. The study was called “If Hitler Asked You to Electrocute a Stranger, Would You? Probably.” Milgram explains the character aspects of why people listen to authority and why they afraid not to. Social structure and the organization of society have a powerful affect on people. Milgrams set out to New Haven to start the study ad later on planed to go to Germany to do the study on the society there.…
For the test tube with the ratio of acetylene to air is 1:1, a flame traveled down a test tube, a slight pop and black residue was left…
“We were told to kill. Our commanding officer ordered us not to waste time.” In this quote, the aggressor in the Bangladesh Genocide, saw himself as just following orders. According to history Genocide’s tend to have three similar traits: gaining power, race/religion, and revenge.…
In society, authority and its rules are respected by people in the community through acts of obedience. Authority is not only the government laws, but can also be people with a higher status, such as parents, teachers, or employment managers. As long as people obey those with authoritative power, they will receive rewards, or at least avoid punishment, even when the command requires unjust actions towards another person. For example, Hitler’s propaganda that made the Germans believe that the Jews were the source of their economic problems and scapegoated them in world war two. And years after the Holocaust, some Germans deny their part in the abuse towards the genocide of six million Jews. In other words, people who deny their part in an unjust action place the blame on…
In the course of my essay, I will attempt to clarify the meaning of totalitarianism, briefly analyze a dictatorial mind and its weapons; highlight a few historical as well as present-day examples of oligarchic governance and offer an in-depth analysis of the novel Animal Farm by George Orwell as well as the novel Nineteen Eighty Four by the same author while relating it to the topic of discussion. My personal opinion has also been included.…
In Refractions of Violence, Martin Jay asserts that violence has become "a constitutive function of today's world, structuring and sustaining our way of existence and of socio-political and transnational intelligibility"(3). Michael Hardt and Antonio Nergi argue that contemporary warfare and violence have become "a permanent condition", "the primary organizing principle of society" and "the general matrix for all relations of power and techniques of domination" (12-13). In On Violence, political theorist Hannah Arendt states that war is the most severe form of violence. Scarry defines war as "a form of human brutality where the main activity is injuring and the ultimate goal is to out-injure the opponent"…
In both writings, Sartwell and Dalrymple both give examples on how people can be motivated into doing evil things. Dalrymple does this by commenting on an experiment that was conducted by Stanley Milgram. This experiment was created to prove that people will do what they are told even when it comes to causing great harm to another person for virtually no reason. In the writing “Just Do What the Pilot Tells You,” Theodore Dalrymple admits that “By a series of clever manipulations, Milgram proved that it was obedience to authority that led people to behave in this fashion.” Although Dalrymple suggests that Milgram manipulated his subjects, he still admits that obedience led the subjects to commit awful acts. Sartwell shows how people can be motivated into doing horrible acts for others with the example of the Rwanda Hutus. The Hutus were offered cars and houses to kill the Tutsis. This shows how average people can be coned into doing other peoples dirty work with the right…
Milgram’s infamous 1963 study into the nature of obedience is often portrayed in the media as strong evidence for an innate human predisposition to obedience, “resistance is futile” (Parker, 2007) when it comes to the human condition to obey – even in a “destructive” (Milgram, 1963) sense. As Milgram (1963) himself states, obedience as a concept is one of the most fundamental aspects of society, and much has frequently been made of drawing parallels with the atrocities carried out by the Third Reich and the data produced by Milgram’s obedience studies [most notably the dramatic results of the baseline study (Haslam, 2012)]. The ideation is frequently asserted that Nazis themselves were displaying blind obedience (Debattista, 2012) to their superiors, and this blind obedience is what is captured in Milgram’s 1963 experiment, although this proposition must be questioned in lieu of a scientific analysis of Milgram’s actual works,…
Cited: Enteen, George M. "George Orwell and the Theory of Totalitarianism: A 1984 Retrospective." Journal of General Education 36.3 (n.d.): 206-15. Print.…
What is meant by this is that taking another man's life becomes easier the more often you…
In order for there to be equality in a society there must be a balance between popular power and governmental power. It warns against corruption of not only the state, but also of the citizens. Worldly pleasures frequently change people’s principles. In the end, both worlds are identical, filled with abuses of power, propaganda, and disregard of previously held values. George Orwell wants the reader to analyze the abuses of power seen today. He advocates for an overthrowing of authoritarian leaders, but he also advocates for a moderate use of that newly gained power. Moderation is the key to creating a stable…
Obedience shines a light on the negative aspects of humanity, whereas disobedience shines a light on the positive. It has been revealed how people will deny their own senses in order to remain indifferent from the majority (Asch). It was also exposed that some people are okay with possibly killing another human being as long as the victim is not considered their responsibility (Milgram). Both of these examples were a response of the individuals who chose to conform and obey rather than know the difference of what is morally right and wrong. Yet in the midst of it all areas of disobedience allows for different groups of people to come together and fight to evoke incredible change. However, disobedience is much more expensive than obedience. People willing to disobey must first find factors that will lead them to want to disobey and then pay the consequences after. On the other hand, suffering the consequences is a small price to pay compared to living with years of injustice. The factors that were discovered to aid in a person’s willingness to disobey, deception, education, and responsibility, all stimulate a certain degree of reflection. In contrast, members subject to obedience follow blindly with no reflection on the authority’s demands. This evidence directly relates to the findings by both Asch and Milgram. In their cases, the subjects were stripped of their individuality, which resulted in their conformity.…
Obedience to authority is an aspect present in all societies throughout known history. For the entirety of this paper, obedience to authority will refer to any act a member of society performs that he or she was told to do by a position of higher authority. This paper will focus on the idea that members of society will follow commands that may go against their moral beliefs on the sole account that the commands come from a place of higher authority. This statement has been tested multiple times beginning with Stanley Milgram’s experiment in 1963, in which he set up a scenario that convinced people they were harming an individual they had met only minutes before through electrical…
In George Orwell’s “Shooting an Elephant” Orwell writes of his experience in British ruled India in the early Twentieth Century. At the time, he was a young, inexperienced soldier stationed there to help protect the Queen’s interests. While he was there, he had to do something that had made some ethical conflicts within him. Orwell had to kill an elephant that had run rampant in lust throughout a village. In its rampage the elephant destroyed a truck, a hut, and killed a villager. The villagers were obviously upset about the situation and he was called upon to restore the order before anything or anyone was hurt. Throughout the ordeal, he decided that it was best to kill the elephant. His reasons for doing so, however, were not as clear-cut. He said his ultimate decision was to not look bad in front of the villagers that gave him a degree of shame. Orwell’s decision is to keep a measure of order and respect within the community. The British presence there has to be kept where respect and discipline are always maintained. If not, the anarchy that would eventually ensue would make laws and codes harder to enforce. “The people expected it of me and I had got to do it; I could feel their two thousand wills pressing me forward, irresistibly.” With such vast odds against the troops there, if he showed the slightest weakness, the villagers would pounce upon him; everything would descend into chaos. At that precise moment,…