SB4 5 Study Sheet
Study Sheet for Biology
SB4:
Chapter 3 Concept Checks
Concept Check 3.1:
~Animal Behavior: what an animal does as it interacts with its environment.
~ Immediate Cause: explanation of an organism's behavior based on its immediate interactions with the environment ~Ultimate Cause: explanation of an organism's behavior based on its evolutionary adaptations
1.
Why do the whales blow bubbles when they touch the surface? What allows the whales to blow bubbles when they reach the surface?
2. Tinbergen's wasp research involved both observations and experiments because he observed the female wasps in their burrows and experimented by placing a circle of pine cones around a wasp nest to see how the wasps would react.
3.
The immediate cause of a behavior is how an animal reacts while the ultimate cause is why the animal reacts this way. To illustrate the difference between immediate and ultimate causes of behavior, consider this example. When you accidentally touch a hot plate, your arm quickly pulls away. The immediate cause of this behavior—the how—is the reaction of your nervous system, which sends signals to the muscles in your arm. A reasonable hypothesis for the ultimate cause—the why—is that natural selection has favored this response, which minimizes damage to the body in a dangerous situation.
Concept Check 3.2:
~Innate Behavior: A behavior that is performed correctly by all individuals of a species, even if they have no previous experience with the behavior.
~Fixed Action Pattern: Innate behavior that occurs as an unchangeable sequence of actions
~Circadian Rhythm: rhythmic pattern of behavior (in an animal) or biological cycle (in a plant) that follows an approximately 24-hour natural cycle
1.
An animal can only perform a FAP as a whole "script," from beginning to end. Once an animal starts a particular FAP, it usually completes the sequence no matter what happens along the way.
2. Circadian rhythms are controlled by an organism's internal "biological clock."
SB4:
Chapter 3 Concept Checks
Concept Check 3.1:
~Animal Behavior: what an animal does as it interacts with its environment.
~ Immediate Cause: explanation of an organism's behavior based on its immediate interactions with the environment ~Ultimate Cause: explanation of an organism's behavior based on its evolutionary adaptations
1.
Why do the whales blow bubbles when they touch the surface? What allows the whales to blow bubbles when they reach the surface?
2. Tinbergen's wasp research involved both observations and experiments because he observed the female wasps in their burrows and experimented by placing a circle of pine cones around a wasp nest to see how the wasps would react.
3.
The immediate cause of a behavior is how an animal reacts while the ultimate cause is why the animal reacts this way. To illustrate the difference between immediate and ultimate causes of behavior, consider this example. When you accidentally touch a hot plate, your arm quickly pulls away. The immediate cause of this behavior—the how—is the reaction of your nervous system, which sends signals to the muscles in your arm. A reasonable hypothesis for the ultimate cause—the why—is that natural selection has favored this response, which minimizes damage to the body in a dangerous situation.
Concept Check 3.2:
~Innate Behavior: A behavior that is performed correctly by all individuals of a species, even if they have no previous experience with the behavior.
~Fixed Action Pattern: Innate behavior that occurs as an unchangeable sequence of actions
~Circadian Rhythm: rhythmic pattern of behavior (in an animal) or biological cycle (in a plant) that follows an approximately 24-hour natural cycle
1.
An animal can only perform a FAP as a whole "script," from beginning to end. Once an animal starts a particular FAP, it usually completes the sequence no matter what happens along the way.
2. Circadian rhythms are controlled by an organism's internal "biological clock."