Female sociologists had to hide their work under their sewing or whatever they were working on when someone visited their home. Females were not educated and were considered inferior in their writing skills and thought processes. Female sociologists started out for social reform trying to stop lynching and to improve the conditions of workers.
Also, even black men were considered inferior and not allowed in higher education. It was illegal before the Civil War for blacks to even be taught to read and write.
Despite these setbacks, both Marion Talbot and William E. B. Du Bois became