Charismatic and Transformational Leadership
The purpose of this chapter is to help the reader understand the nature of charismatic and transformational leadership. Although the two forms of leadership overlap, they are treated separately here because the study of charismatic leadership focuses so heavily on personal traits. The legitimacy of either of these forms of leadership as a separate entity has been challenged. Nevertheless, studying charismatic and transformational leadership represents an important current thrust in understanding the leader’s role.
0CHAPTER OUTLINE AND LECTURE NOTES
The study of charismatic and transformational leadership, an extension of the trait theory, has become an important way of understanding leadership Charisma facilitates leaders carrying out their roles.
I0. THE MEANINGS OF CHARISMA
Charisma is a special quality of leaders whose purposes, powers, and extraordinary determination differentiate them from others. The various definitions of charisma have a unifying theme. Charisma is also a positive and compelling quality in a person that creates a desire in many others to be led by him or her.
The attributes of charisma are important because they lead to behavioral outcomes such as commitment to the leader, self-sacrifice, and high performance. A study with law enforcement workers and business students showed that network members influence our attributions of charisma.
A0. Charisma: A Relationship Between the Leader and Group Members
According to John Gardner, charisma applies to leader-constituent relationships in which the leader has an exceptional gift for inspiration and nonrational communication. Charismatic leaders work deliberately at cultivating the relationship with group members through impression management. These leaders recognize that the perceptions of constituents determine whether they function as charismatics. Charismatic leaders are skillful actors in presenting a charismatic face to the world.