Before the camera, people use camera obscura as the device to record the image. The original camera obscura casts the scenery outside to a surface through a hole on the wall of a dark room. Actually camera obscura means dark room. What worth mentioning is that, though the concept of camera obscura has come up in the 1st BC, it is in 1604 that the word “camera obscura” has been used. In the 15th century, artists began to use camera obscura as the tools to support their works. As the techniques developing, people want to fit the convex lens on the camera obscura to clarify the image, which is not easy to move. Till the 18th century, the camera obscura is almost prefect, it is so convenience that a lot of artists carry it on their tour. In the beginning of 19th century, the British and French photographer began to experiment with the camera obscura to take a series of photos. Due to that fixation is missed, the image will disappear when exposed to the light.
The earliest photograph existing is taken by Nicephore Niepce in 1826. Niepce used a camera obscura with a copper plate that had been sensitized with lavender oil. He made a photographic image by exposing the plate to sunlight for eight hours. He named this technique as Heliography. Louis Daguerre continued this experiment, using silver plated copper plate and His work was named after him. The process of creating a daguerreotype involves coating a silver plate with a light sensitive chemical (in a dark room). The plate is then exposed to light through a lens of some description and an image is imprinted on the plate. The plate is then exposed to mercury fumes and a positive image is produced. As the technique is improving, the colour photography