CHAPTER 16 Transformations in Europe, 1500–1750 I. Culture and Ideas A. Religious Reformation 1. In 1500 the Catholic Church, benefiting from European prosperity, was building new churches including a new Saint Peter’s Basilica in Rome. Pope Leo X raised money for the new basilica by authorizing the sale of indulgences. 2.…
In this period, the Atlantic slave trade “skyrocketed” because of the prices of the slaves. For the amount of work done by these slaves, the monetary price was low, which caused people to jump at the chance to get one. This meant a high demand for slaves. As plantations grew, the need for more slaves grew as well. This significantly affected the Atlantic slave trade.…
The new contacts among Western Europe, Africa, and the Americas, lead to the economies improving as crops and food spread around. Economically, in the Americas, European colonists advanced from mining for silver, to farming for crops. All of the goods were traded with other countries. The triangular trade connected imports and exports of different goods mainly between North America, Africa, and Europe. The reason the Atlantic changed into a huge trading port was because many countries were overflowing with resources other countries would love to have. The countries would exchange their resources for another country’s. A vast part of the triangular trade was the Atlantic slave trade. As agriculture became more and more important in daily life, labor was becoming vital. Africa exported slaves to the West Indies and to North America.…
The European economy experienced a major change in their structure from one that was entirely based on silver and gold bullion to one that revolved around mercantilism and industrialization. This shift, caused by the industrial revolution, helped Europe to become a dominant world power. In pre-industrial Europe, the world trade centered around the exchange of goods for bullion. In order to play a role in the world trade market, Europeans traded their bullion for goods such as coffee and spices with Asia. With the onset of the Industrial Revolution, European nations began to focus on the acquisition of raw materials that they could transform into finished products. These goods allowed Europe to become active members in the trade market instead of relying on bullion from South America. Industrial Europe became a world power in the global economy through their profits from their new tradable goods. This status created a new social order through the world of dependent nations that Europe relied on for raw materials while they relied on Europe for economic stability. These dependent nations- like India, Java, and the African colonies- became reliant on Europe education and their military to guarantee financial stability in the future.…
An interest in expanding wealth and influence along with an interest in promoting the work of the church made Europe begin to look beyond its borders. Prior to their interaction with the Americas, the Europeans the European economy grew thanks to their exploratory desires. After finding America, the European economy continued to expand. The abundance of precious metal in the Americas brought Europe and increase of influence and a large financial growth.…
They had great supply of exports and wealth to buy imports and continue in the triangle trade. The economy recovered form the death and gained so much wealthy they became the richest in the world and owning slaves. The Americans economy started through agriculture and also had the wealth to invest and prevail. The Americans were free labor. The workforce produce goods and exported them which gained enough money to buy more slaves and even invest in other things. They provided new foods such as corn, the potato, peppers, coco beans and tomato. The Tabaco which was an American product was brought to Europe. The Americans depended on the…
Colonial America during the Eighteenth Century gave people the opportunity to become land owners, explore their religious freedom, and to take part in a growing economy. Whether you were poor or rich, all free men and women had an opportunity to raise their standard of living. Along with the rise in commerce came more problems such as slavery, taxes, conflict with the natives, debt, and much more. As expressed already many positives and negatives were brought on by increased commerce in Colonial America and West Indies during the Eighteenth Century. In closing, are examples of how commerce affects Americans and others in contemporary times as well.…
1450–1750: 22% of the AP Exam Overall Changes 1) The world became truly global - the western hemisphere came into continued contact with the eastern hemisphere. Technological innovations, strengthened political organization, and economic prosperity all contributed to this change that completely altered world trade patterns. 2) Maritime trade dominated the world - Technological advancements and willingness of political leaders to invest in it meant that sea-based trade became much more important. As a result, old land-based empires lost relative power to the new sea-based powers. 3) European kingdoms gained world power - The relative power and prosperity of Europe increased dramatically during this time in comparison to empires in the longer-established civilization areas. 4) Nomads began to become a thing of the past - Nomads continued to play an important role in trade and cultural diffusion, and they continued to threaten the borders of the large land-based empires. However, their power dwindled as travel and trade by water became more important. 5) Labor systems were transformed - The acquisition of colonies in North and South America led to major changes in labor systems. After many Amerindians died from disease transmitted by contact with Europeans, a vigorous slave trade from Africa began and continued throughout most of the era. Slave labor became very important all over the Americas. Other labor systems, such as the mita and encomienda in South America, were adapted from previous native traditions by the Spanish and Portuguese. 6) "Gunpowder Empires" emerged in the Middle East and Asia - Empires in older civilization areas gained new strength from new technologies in weaponry. Basing their new power on "gunpowder," they still suffered from the old issues that had plagued land-based empires for centuries: defense of borders, communication within the empire, and maintenance of an army adequate to defend the large territory. By the end of the era, many were…
Conflict between European kingdoms led to an interest in colonies and trading posts that might strengthen the emerging nations. This expansionism introduced Europeans to African and American societies that had evolved over centuries, and the cultural interaction that followed initial contacts between these civilizations profoundly influenced western…
The “discovery” of the New World by Christopher Columbus in 1492 linked the worlds of Europeans, West Africans and Native American Indians. The Portuguese and Spaniards led the colonization of the Americas, but were soon followed by the French, English and Dutch. The slave trade created a trading triangle in between Europe, Africa and the Americas. European and West African societies are similar in their hierarchal social order, involvement in the slave trade and farming societies; yet differ in religious organization and expansionist policies. When comparing Europe to Native American Indians, they share an involvement in trade and farming, while differing in religions and government.…
The African Slave Trade was caused by a need for labor in the Americas. The imported slaves mainly worked on plantations that supplied cotton and tobacco. Agriculture wasn’t new to the slaves as they farmed back in Africa too. The difference was that the slaves became actual property of the plantation owner which means their freedoms were very limited. Another change that took place was the change from slaves to indentured servants. Indentured servants were not property, but they are laborers who requested a free passage to America in return for work. The African Slave Trade of course came to an end when in 1803, Denmark abolished the trade in slaves and other European nations followed in its footsteps. By 1845 most major slave trading countries illegalized slave trading. About twenty years later in America, slavery was completely abolished after the Civil War. As a result, a new source of labor was needed in America. The use of indentured servants were then put into place.. Much continuity took place as well as changes. On many passages the slaves took to America, many slaves died from diseases. Disease remained a major cause of death among slaves because of the lack of medicinal objects. The African Diaspora remained constant it profited both Africa and America with economic gain such as crops for America and firepower for Africa. Continuity includes how African culture and religion was brought over to the Americas even after missionaries attempted to convert the imports to Christianity. There was much change and continuity over time involving the African Slave Trade.…
Prior to 1500 slavery was rarely found in Europe. Why did Europeans suddenly start trying to get slaves? How did the changing economy affect the slave trade?…
The social and economic transformations in the Americas occured as a result of new contacts with Europe and Africa from 1450-1750. Large scale European immigration occured shortly after the voyages of Christopher Columbus starting in 1492. Immagrants came over to flee from religious persecution, seek economic opprotunities, part of government sponsored attempts to found colonies, or forcibly transported there as slaves or prisoners. As more and more people came to America they brought with them crops, livestock, and diseases.…
The Colonial Period began with the settled countries of the time wanting to launch voyages to explore 'the new world'. One of the first successes was the Spanish, when they were able to settle in South America as early as 1252. But the biggest exploration of the time by far was set off by Columbus who, in search of the Indies, instead fell upon America, which started mass colonization. Colonization was so popular due to its trade worth and how much it could help the mother country, and with, in many cases, foreigners at the disposal of settlers, it was also no wonder that slavery became so big. The two most popular races that were enslaved included the Native Americans and Africans, and in this paper I will be comparing and contrasting the…
The years 1400 - 1800 were a time of exploration and discovery. It was a time when Europe attempted to dominate the whole world. The building of huge, sturdy ships, known as caravels, helped them sail around the world easily to discover new lands by constructing ports and empires in Asia, Africa, North America, and other such regions. Some of their many motives were to spread Christianity among the people they invaded, and introduce the newly invented technological innovations. They influenced the people they invaded in a lot of ways, but mainly, they changed their beliefs, principles, religions, and other ritual routines that those people had been practicing for centuries. Though their influence on Africans was somewhat the same as those of the Asians, there were also a lot of differences in their influential explorations.…